Unit 11 I’ve broken my arm.
一、内容：
Unit 11 I’ve broken my arm.
（一）重点短语
（二）重点句型
（三）语法知识：现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
（四）写作：

二、知识总结与归纳
（一）重点短语
1. first aid[
2. fall off
3. have trouble doing
4. fall down
由fall 组成的词组还有
fall over, fall behind others, fall ill, fall a sleep等等
5. all the time
6. health problems
7. break time
8. a small number of
a large number of
the number of
【翻译】 1）许多学生早早到这里观看李宇春的演出。
2）这所学校的学生人数超过了两千。
9. such as
10. be proud of
11. at least
12. have an accident
13. get hit in the head
hit sb. on/ in/ by +部位
e.g The man hit his son ______ the face.
The police man took the thief ______ the arm.
14. call for
15. have a nosebleed
16. clean up
17. walk around
18. be in a dangerous situation
19. fall over
20. run out of
21. a 27-year-old American
22. be ready to do
23. cut off
24. take risks
25. tell of
26. make good decisions
27. in control of

（二）重点句型：
1. ---What’s the matter with you?
--- I’ve broken my arm. I fell off my bike yesterday evening.
2. I’m having trouble breathing.
【翻译】1）他学数学有困难。
2）解决那个难题你有困难吗？
3. ---What happened?
--- I cut my fingers when I f ell during P.E class.
【翻译】1）发生什么事了？教室里一个人也没有。
2) 他昨晚出了起事故。（sth. happen to sb.）
3)上个星期五，我碰巧在超市遇到了我的一位老朋友。
4. 60% of the problem s are long-term,…
【翻译】1）30%的土地已经变成了沙漠。
2）自从商店开业以，已销售了50%的书。
3）四分之三的学生在努力学习。
5. Add two more questions.
【翻译】我们已栽了十棵树，还有20棵要栽。
【比较】another 和 more
1) 粥很好喝，你想再喝点吗？
The porridge is delicious. Would you like some ________?
2) 要到达河对岸，他需要再游两个小时。
He needed to swim _________ two hours before he reached the opposite bank of t he river.
6. As it wasn’t very serious, I cleaned it up…
【比较】 as, because, since
e.g. 1) _______ it was too hot in the room, he went out for a walk.
2) He didn’t come to sc hool, _________ his leg was broken.
3) ____ __ you know the answer to the question, please tell us.
7. y mother often burned herself while cooking.
e.g. 1) 露西在做作业，莉莉在读小说。
________ Lucy ______ _______ her homework, Lily was reading a novel.
2) 我妈妈经常边做家务，边听歌。
y mother often listens to music ________ _________ housework.

（三）语法知识：现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
1. 现在完成时构成：have/ has +过去分词
2. 现在完成时用法：
（1）表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
e.g. I have already posted the photos.
(2) 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。肯定句中用延续性动词。
e.g. He has lived in China since 1990.
非延续性动词在否定结构中可以用现在完成时。
e.g. I haven’t bought anything for two months.
（3）现在完成时可以和already, never, ever, just, before, yet 等状语连用。
e.g. Their conditions haven’t improved yet.
Have you ever eaten fried fish and chips?
(4) has been to 和has gone to的区别
他曾经去过英国。
He ________ ________ ________ English.
她去英国了，现在不在家。
She _______ ______ _ ______ England. She isn’t at home.
3.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
现在完成时强调现在的情况，不和表示过去的时间状语连用。
一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生联系。
e. g. 我们曾经游览了长城。
We ______________________ the Great Wall.
上周我们游览了长城。
We ____________________ the Great Wall last week.

（四）写作：
上周，初三年级同学进行了一次体检，结果发现同学们的视力下降。请你用英语向全班同学报告原因（如图所示）， 并提出倡议：爱护我们的眼睛，养成好的读书习惯。
要求：1. 用所给提示词，做到语句连贯。
2. 词数60-70，开头不计入总词数。

提示词：poorer and poorer, become shortsighted, read ing habit
Boys and girls,
ost of us paid little attention to protecting our eyesight. So the examination report is not very good.

【典型例题】
一、单项选择[:学#科#网Z#X#X#]
1. No. 1 High School has a good __________ record.
A. safe and healthy B. safe and health
C. safety and healthy D. safety and health
2. One third of the forest ________, only ______ sand.
A. have gone, left B. has gone, leaving
C. have gone, leaving D. has gone, left
3. I hear we’ll have a _______ holiday in _______.
A. two day’s; two day’s time B. two-day, two-day time
C. two-day, two day’s time D. two days, two-day time
4. Nobody knehat ________the young man at that moment.
A. happened to B. is happening to C. has happened to D. had happened to
5. The doctor gave the young man some medicine ______ the pain.
A. in B. for C. on D. at
6. Again and again, the do ctor _______ the boy, but she couldn’t find out what was wrong with him.
A. looked over B. looked after C. looked for D. looked up
7. The aim was ________ about accidents and health problems.
A. find B. find out C. to find out D. to finding out
8. The peanut was ________ removed by the doctor.
A. safe B. safety C. safely D. danger
9. After the accident, the girl was told _____ P.E _____ six weeks.
A. to do, for B. not to do, for C. doing, at D. not doing, at
10. If you have trouble ______ English, you can go to see our teacher.
A. speak B. speaks C. spoken D. speaking
11. --- Do you enjoy travelling by air?
--- No, it’s ______ expensive.
A. too much B. much too C. much D. much to
12. The flowers ______ often, or they will die.
A. must water B. can be watered C. should water D. must be watered
13. --- Do you have enough students to carry the boxes?
--- No, I think we need _______ students.
A. another B. two others C. more two D. two more
14. I must return the book to the library. I _____ it for two weeks.
A. keep B. borrowed C. have kept D. have lent
15. --- What’s wrong with the boy?
--- He _______ by a car yesterday.
A. was hit B. hit C. hits D. is hit

二、句型转换
1. Our monitor has been a member of swimming club for two years. (改为同义句)
Our monitor ___________ the club two years ago.
2. rs. Lin began to teach history in this school in 2002. （改为同义句）
rs. Lin _______ ________ history in this school _________ 2002.
3. He has lived here for ten years. (就划线部分提问)
_______ ________ has he lived here?
4. They built the school in 1999. （改为被动语态）
The school ________ ________ in 1999.
5. He bought the book two years ago. （改为同义句）
He ________ ________ the book for two years.
6. He has eaten two peaches. （用last night 改写）
He _____________ two peaches last night.
7. He died ten years ago. (用since ten years ago 改写)
He _______ _________ _________ since ten years ago.

三、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. She ______________ (skate ) for two hours.
2. --- How long __________ he ___________ (stay) in the city?
---- Since two weeks ago.
3. --- We ____________ (finish) the work.
--- When _________ you ___________(finish) it?
--- Last week.
4. --- Where _________ you ________(buy) the watch?
--- I bought it from Beijing.
--- When ___________ you __________ (buy) it?
---- Yesterday.
5. --- He ____________(cut) his finger. It hurts badly.
--- When _________ he ___________ (cut) it?
--- Half an hour ago.

四、综合填空
Dogs are very good pets. They are very f__________ to people and very beautiful, too. ost dogs get on well with c________ and their parents. Others are good watchdogs because they cry loudly when a s_________ person arrives.
When you buy a dog, an important thing to think about is its s__________ --- buy a small dog if your home is small and a bigger one if y_________________ is larger. any people don’t knohat to feed their dogs. Dogs eat a_____________ anything! They like meat, rice and lots of other things. You can buy lots of food m__________ for dogs in shops. Don’t let your dog eat too much. Feed it only once a day. Always l_____________ some clean water for your dog. It can get__________ very quickly, especially in summer.
Remember that dogs need e___________. You should take it for a walk every day. Don’t keep your dog inside all day.

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