【—中考英语语法之副词】对于英语的学习中,下面是老师对副词语法知识的内容讲解哦,希望大家认真学习。
副词
【复习要点】
和形容词一样,副词在句中也属于修饰范畴。形容词主要修饰名词,而副词则主要用于修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句,以表示程度、方式、时间、地点以及对话语的态度等。例如:
①.修饰动词的词语就是副词,如beat it heavily中的“heavily”就是副词,修饰“beat”,狠狠地打击。
②.还有的副词是修饰形容词的,常常表示程度。如extremely beautiful中的“extremely”修饰形容词“beautiful”,“极其漂亮的”
③.还有的副词本身修饰副词,和修饰形容词类似。He plays football very well.
④.较特殊情况的副词可以放在句首,表一种伴随状态。例如:“Fortunately,I managed it in time"中的fortunately。幸运的,我最后及时的完成了(那件事情)。
1.? 副词的构成:
从形态上看,大多数副词都是由“形容词+后缀-ly”构成的,例如:slowly, heavily, truly, terribly等。
形容词变副词:
①.在形容词词尾直接加-ly。如:real-really; helpful-helpfully; careful-carefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly; quiet-quietly
②.以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly。如:busy-busily; angry-angrily; easy-easily
③.某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-y或-ly。如:terrible-terribly; true-truly; gentle-gently
注意: friendly; motherly; lovely,weekly,lively等词是形容词而非副词。
④.英语中还有少数与形容词同形的副词,例如:daily, early, fast, hard, high, long, near, straight, well等。请比较它们的词义和用法:
the high jump 跳高项目(形容词)?to jump high 跳得高(副词)
a fast car?行得快的汽车(形容词)to drive fast??开快车(副词)
an early riser?早起的人(形容词)to get up early?起得早(副词)
?a straight line直线(形容词)Go straight ahead.?一直朝前走。(副词)
注意:兼有两种形式的副词
①.late 与lately:
late意思是"晚"; lately 意思是"最近"。例如:You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?
②.deep与deeply:
deep意思是"深",表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,"深深地"。例如:He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film.
③.high与highly:
high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much 。例如:The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion.
④.wide与widely:
wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是"广泛地","在许多地方" 。例如:He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world.
2.? 副词的位置:
①. 副词修饰动词时,通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。如:Usually I do my homework in the evening. (句首) 通常我晚上做家庭作业。 I often get up at six. (句中) 我常在6点起床。Please speak slowly. (句末) 请慢慢说。
注意:频度副词通常置于系动词、情态动词、助动词之后,实义动词之前。例如: Mary is always late for the meeting.?玛丽开会老是迟到。We must always remember our friends.我们必须牢记我们的朋友。?
I have never been to London. 我从未去过伦敦。My mother often does morning exercises in the morning.我妈妈经常在早上做早操。?
②. 副词修饰形容词或副词时,通常放在形容词或副词的前面,但也有例外。如:These flowers are quite beautiful. (在形容词前) 这些花相当漂亮。 He works very hard. (在副词前)他工作很努力。 She is old enough to go to school. (在形容词后)她已到了上学的年龄。
注意:
A.副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。 例如:(错) I very like English. (对) I like English very much.
B.副词enough应放在所修饰的形容词、副词或动词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可。例如:The boy is old enough to go to school.这个男孩到上学的年龄了。I know him well enough. 我非常了解他。
He didn't get up early enough to catch the early bus. 他起床不够早,没有赶上早班车。
C. 注意顺序:
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