1. 侧重点不同
现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去,但它们所强调的重点不同:现在完成时侧重于对现在的影响;而一般过去时侧重于某一动作发生在过去某个时间或某段时间,即现在完成时侧重于现在的结果,而一般过去时侧重于动作发生的时间。例如:
I have seen the film.
我看过这部电影。(现在我仍记得电影的内容)
I saw the film three days ago.
三天前我看了这部电影。(强调是三天前,而不是别的什么时候看的电影)
Mr Green has bought a new computer.
格林先生买了一台新。(着重点是格林先生现在有了一台新)
Mr Green bought a new computer yesterday.
格林先生昨天买了一台新电脑。(强调的是格林先生买新电脑的时间是昨天)
2. 时间状语不同
现在完成时常与already, yet, just, ever, never, before等副词以及“for+段时间”,“since+过去时间/从句”等时间状语连用;而一般过去时则常与&ldquo 初二;段时间+ago”,just now, yesterday, last week等表示过去时间的状语连用。例如:
She has lived here since two years ago.
她两年前就住在这里了。
She lived here two years ago.
两年前她住在这里。
He has been in the League for three years.
他入团已经三年了。
Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
昨晚汤姆给他的父母写了封信。
[实战演练]
1. -I have seen the film “Titanic”already.
-When __________ you __________ it?
-The day before yesterday.
A. have; seen B. will; see C. did; see D. did; seen
2. Mr Black __________ in China since five years ago.
A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live
3. We ____________ trees last Sunday. So far we __________ over 3,000 trees there.
A. planted; planted B. planted; have planted
C. have planted; planted D. have planted; have planted
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