词汇导练
1．If your luggage is ____________，you’ll have to pay extra.
2．Aren’t you ____________of the bad deed you have done to that poor blind man?
3．He is a ____________as an artist，but a success as an art teacher.
4. You should ____________your doctor’s advice.
5．Mr.Smith had an accident last month.Fortunately，he is____________(恢复) now from the injury.
6．Smoking can be______________(有害的)to your health.
7．She may need an____________ (手术)on her knee.
8．The boy felt____________ (窘迫的)in front of such a big crowd.
9．Take the medicine____________ (定期地)three times a day.
10．He came back from his holiday looking____________ (relax)．
1.overweight 2.ashamed 3.failure 4.follow 5.recovering 6.harmful 7.operation 8.embarrassed 9.regularly 10.relaxed
短语汇集
1．____________________ 保持健康
2．____________________ 对某人来说很顺利
3．____________________ 使．..高兴/振作起来
4．____________________ 减肥
5．____________________ 对……感到羞耻
6．____________________ 从长远角度看
7．____________________ 立刻
8．____________________ 节食
9．____________________ 秘密地
10．____________________ 冒风险
11．____________________ 体重增加
12．____________________ (头发或牙齿)脱落
1.stay/keep healthy；keep fit 2.be okey with... 3.cheer...up 4.lose weight 5.be ashamed of 6.in the long term 7.in no time 8.go on diets 9.in secret 10.take a risk 11.put on weight 12.fall out
语句试译
1．(回归课本P41)Everyone wants to ________ ________ and ________ ________.
每个人都想感觉棒，气色好
2．(回归课本P43)We shouldn’t be ashamed of ________ ________ ________ ________.
我们不应该为我们外在的样子感到羞愧
3．(回归课本P43)I think you look great ________ ________ ________.我觉得你目前这个样子就很棒
4．(回归课本P46)I really don’t know ________ ________ ________ ________.我真的不知道该选哪种运动．
5．(回归课本P57)Is there________ a thing ________ being bigboned？有大骨架这样的说法吗？
6．(回归课本P58)Walking and riding your bike count，and ________ ________ ________ ________.
行走和骑自行车就算，在学校里进行的体育活动也算
1.feel good；look good 2.the way we look 3.as you are,4.which sport you choose 5.such；as 6.so do school sports
核心知识
1. stay v． 停留，保持
(回归课本P41)You must get enough sleep to stay healthy.
你一定要有足够的睡眠来保持身体健康。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P1974)We ended up staying for lunch.
我们最终还是留下来吃午饭。
②(牛津P1974)Can you stay behind after the others have gone and help me clear up?
你能不能等其他人走后留下来帮我收拾收拾？
③(牛津P1974)The store stays open until late on Thursdays.
这商店每星期四都会开到很晚。
④(朗文P2014)He always liked staying at the carlton.
他总喜欢住在卡尔顿酒店。
易混辨析
stay，keep，remain
(1)表示“持续处于某种状态”用keep或stay；
(2)表示“仍然处于原来状态不改变”用remain或stay；
(3)表示“使某人或某物保持某种状态”时，只能用及物动词keep。
(4)表示“暂住、短期停留”时，只能用不及物动词stay。
(5)表示“残留、剩下”时，只能用不及物动词remain。
(6)It remains to be seen...尚说
sth.remains to be done某事有待去做
1．用适当的词填空：
(1)Let’s just________/________calm and try to figure out what to do.
答案：keep/stay
(2)It’s hard to________ the house clear with three kids.
答案：keep
(3)Sean ________ close to his kids after the divorce.
答案：remained
(4)It ________ to be seen whether the team will win.
答案：remains
(5)You’re welcome to ________ with us till you find a place of your own.
答案：stay
(6)Very little of the house ________ after the fire.
答案：remained
2. figure n．& v.
(回归课本P42)Every woman wants a slim figure these days，especially here in Canada.
现在，每个女子都想拥有苗条的身材，尤其是在加拿大。
归纳拓展
figure in 把……列入计算
figure out 算出，解决；领会到
figure up 合计，计算
例句探源
①(朗文P758)I’m just figuring my expenses.
我正在计算我的开支．
②(朗文P759)If I have a map，I can figure it out.
如果我有张地图，我就能解决这事．
③(牛津P750)I can’t figure out how to do this.
我弄不懂怎样做这件事．
④I saw a figure in the darkness.我看到暗处有一个人影。
⑤She does exercise every morning to keep her figure.
她每天早上锻炼以保持体形。
⑥I bought a handkerchief printed interesting figures for my daughter.我为女儿买了一块印有有趣的图形的手帕。
⑦The stone figures in the temple look frightening.
寺庙里的石像看起来很吓人。
2．The present situation is very complex，so I think it will take me some time to ________its reality.
A．make up B．figure out
C．look through D．put off
解析：选B。句意：现在的情况非常复杂，因此我想过一段时间我才能够弄清楚它的实际情况。make up 编造；figure out弄清楚，弄明白；look through浏览，快速查看；put off 推迟。由句意可知B项正确。
3．(2010年山东潍坊统考)Sam couldn’t ________ how to print out the document until the teacher showed it to him.
A．go through B．figure out
C．come up D．get over
解析：选B。句意：老师告诉Sam 之后他才知道怎么打印这个文件。figure out弄明白，知道。
★4.(2010年福建厦门质检)However hard I tried to think about it，what he said didn’t really ________ to me
A．figure out B．make out
C．turn out D．get across
解析：选D。figure out“查明，弄清楚”；make out“填写，声称，应付”；turn out“结果是，原来是”；get across“使被理解，使被接受。”句意：无论我多么努力地思考，我都不能理解他说的话。故选D。
3. since conj. 因为，既然
(回归课本P42)Since I’m preparing to act in a new TV play，I’m taking weightloss pills called FatLess，which are quite popular among young women here.
因为我正在为在一部新电视剧里演戏做准备，所以我在用一种叫做“FatLess”的减肥药，这种药在我们这儿的年轻女士中很受欢迎。
归纳拓展
(1)since作连词，可以引导以下两种状语从句：时间状语从句，原因状语从句
(2)since作prep.意为自从……以来,【注意】 当since引导时间状语从句，用在“It is＋一段时间＋since从句”的句型中时，其句意取决于从句的谓语动词是否可延续。,It is three years since the war broke out.,自战争爆发以来三年了。,It is three years since I smoked cigar(＝since I stopped a cigar).我不吸烟有三年了。
(3)since作副词，意为“自那时以来，后来”
例句探源
①(朗文P1913)A lot has happened since we graduated from college.自从我们大学毕业以来，发生了很多事情。
②We thought that，since we were in the area，we’d stop by and see them.
我们想，既然到了这个地方，应该顺便去看看他们。
③He left home two weeks ago and we haven’t heard from him since.他两周前离家外出，我们至今还没有他的音讯。
④We’ve lived here since 1994.
自1994年以来我们一直住在这里。
⑤(2010年高考江西卷)Mother wanted to be a good provider，a role she has been shouldering since her marriage to Father.
妈妈想做一个好的(家庭)供应者，一个自从和父亲结婚以来就一直承担的角色。
5．完成句子
(1)既然还没有人答复，我们就可以认为他们不感兴趣了。
________ ________ ________ ________，we’ll assume they’re not interested.
答案：Since nobody’s replied yet
(2)自从那次事故后，我一直不能用右手。
Ever since the accident，I________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：haven’t been able to use my right hand
(3)啊，什么？你从什么时候负责起这里来了？
Oh，yeah？________ ________ are you in charge around here?
答案：Since when
英译汉：
(4)How long is it since we last went to the theatre?
_______________________________________
答案：我们有多久没去看电影了？
(5)It’s twenty years since I came here.
_________________________________________
答案：我二十年没来过这儿了。
4. contain vt. 包括，容纳；控制，克制(感情)
(回归课本P42)They contain a harmful chemical that caused my liver to fail.
那些药里含有一种有害的化学成分，导致我的肝功能衰竭。
归纳拓展
(1)包含，容纳；装盛；含有
(2)克制，抑制(感情)
contain oneself克制自己
(3)container n.容器，货柜
例句探源
①Little Johnny felt the bag，curious to know what it contained.
小约翰摸了摸那个包，想知道里面装的是什么。
②The drink doesn’t contain any alcohol.
这种饮料不含任何酒精。
③(朗文P431)I found it more and more difficult to contain my anger.我发现越来越难控制自己的愤怒。
易混辨析
contain，include，hold
(1)contain通常用来指某种容器中盛有某物，装有某物，还指某种物质中含有某成分或含有其他物质。指作为组成部分而被“包含”或“容纳”在内。
(2)include通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内。在句中常构成分词短语sth.included或including sth.。
(3)hold通常指有能力容纳。
①The tour included a visit to the Science Museum.
②The plane can hold/contain about 300 passengers.
③This book contains forty interesting pictures.
④Five people were killed in the accident，two kids included.
6．Thousands of works of art，the most famous paintings ________，were missing during the war.
A．including B．included
C．containing D．contained
解析：选B。句意：上千件艺术作品，包括最著名的油画，在战争期间都不见了。the most famous paintings和include构成被动关系，故用?ed形式再根据本句是表示整体包括部分，故用include，所以B为正确选项。
7．(2011年安徽蚌埠高三测试题)He was worried，because he lost his bag________his passport，ID card and a lot of money.
A．included B．including
C．contained D．containing
解析：选D。contain“装有”，与bag构成逻辑上的主谓关系，因此用containing.句意：他很担心，因为他丢了装有护照、身份证和一大笔钱的包。
5. match n． 相配的人或物，配对物
vt.& vi. 匹配，相称
(回归课本P42)Then the doctor found that someone in your country，whose name is Li Dong，was an exact match for me.
后来医生发现，在你们国家有一个名叫李冬的人，他的肝脏和我的几乎匹配。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①Her shoes match her dress；they look very well together.
她的鞋子和裙子很相配；他们在一起非常好看。
②(朗文P1268)Nothing we have ever seen matches this moment.我们从未见过能与此刻相比的事。
③(牛津P1242)We are matched against last year’s champions in the first round.我们第一轮即遭遇了去年的冠军。
④The runners were a good match and ran a very close race.
赛跑选手们棋逢对手，比赛非常激烈。
易混辨析
match，suit，fit
(1)match多指两个物体大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。
(2)suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等，也可指颜色、款式等适合。
(3)fit多指大小、形状合适，引申为“吻合”“协调”。
8．用match，suit或fit的正确形式填空：
(1)I’m afraid the style of the sweater doesn’t ________ you.
答案：suit
(2)This jacket ________ me well.
答案：fits
(3)The color of the shirt doesn’t ________ that of the tie.
答案：match
(4)If you want to go by bus，that ________ me fine.
答案：suits
(5)The trip failed to ________ up to our expectations.
答案：match
6. consider 考虑；认为
(回归课本P49)Now he is considering taking some pills，which he thinks will make him become stronger.
现在他正想着服用一些药片，他认为这会使他变得更强壮。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P421)We are considering buying a new car.
我们在考虑买辆新车。
②(朗文P424)I consider New Mexico to be my home.
我把新墨西哥州看作我的家。
③They are considering where to go for a holiday.
他们正考虑去哪儿度假。
④The service was pretty bad，considering how much we paid.
考虑到我们所支付的费用，这里的服务非常糟糕。
9．完成句子
(1)我们正在考虑如何提高我们的英语。
We are considering________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：how to improve our English
(2)我们正在考虑到加拿大去。
We are considering________ ________ ________.
答案：going to Canada
(3)他被认为是发明这种机器的人。
He is considered________ ________ ________ this kind of machine.
答案：to have invented
(4)就他的年龄来说，这小孩读得挺好的。
________ ________ ________，the little boy reads very well.
答案：Considering his age
(5)她很会体谅别人。
She is ________ ________ ________.
答案：considerate to others
7. effect n． 效果，作用，影响
(回归课本P49)However，they have side effects，which will damage your health.
然而，它们有副作用，这会损害你的健康。
归纳拓展
have an effect on 对……有作用，产生影响,go/come into effect 开始生效,put/bring sth.into effect 使……生效；实行；实施,be of no effect 无效,take effect 生效，开始实施；起作用,in effect实际上；(规则，法律等)在实施中，有效
例句探源
①(朗文P650)Seeing my father in such pain really had an effect on my mom.
看到父亲如此痛苦，母亲的确受到了影响。
②(牛津P640)New controls come into effect next month.
下月开始实行新的管制措施．
③The new salary increases will take effect(＝begin) from January onwards.
新的加薪标准将从1月份起正式实行。
易混辨析
effect，affect，influence
(1)effect通常用作名词，常用于“have an effect on”结构中。
(2)affect为动词，意为“影响”，通常指对身体，思想或情绪带来不良影响。affect还有“感动，触动”之意，相当于move。
(3)influence表示“影响”，主要指对性格、行为、观点等产生间接或潜移默化的影响。
10．用effect，affect或influence的正确形式填空：
(1)She was deeply ________by the news of her father’s death.
答案：affected
(2)The aspirins soon took________.
答案：effect
(3)Her parents no longer have any real ________over her.
答案：influence
11．完成句子
(1)这药对他的病有什么效果吗？
Did the medicine________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________？
答案：have any effect on his disease
(2)这些建议即将付诸实施。
The recommendations will soon________ ________ ________.
答案：come into effect
(3)新法令明日起生效。
The new law________ ________ ________ from tomorrow.
答案：will take effect
(4)一些旧法规仍然有效。
Some old laws are still________ ________.
答案：in effect
★12.(2009年高考上海卷)With the government’s aid，those________ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
A．affect B．affecting
C．affected D．were affected
解析：选C。句意：在政府的援助下，那些受到地震影响的人们已经搬到新的定居点。用affect的过去分词形式作主语those的后置定语，表示“受到地震影响的人们”。
8. recognize vt. 认为；听出；公认；赏识；承认；认识到
(回归课本P51)You can hardly recognize him in the photo.
在照片里你几乎认不出他了。
归纳拓展
recognize one’s voice 听出某人的声音,recognize sb./sth.as... 承认是；公认是；认出是,recognize that... 承认……
例句探源
①(牛津P1658)I recognized him as soon as he came in the room.他一进屋我就认出了他。
②(2010年高考辽宁卷)Alexander tried to get his work recognized in the medical circles.
亚历山大试图让自己的工作在医学界得到认可。
③(朗文P1705)They will one day be recognized as the best repertory theatre company in the country.
他们有一天会被公认为这个国家最好的轮演剧目剧团。
13．完成句子
(1)我从她的红头发认出了她。
I________ ________ ________/________ her red hair.
答案：recognized her by/from
(2)汤姆被公认为是全校最好的足球选手。
Tom________ ________ ________ the best footballer in the school.
答案：is recognized as
(3)他不承认自己犯下了大错。
He didn’t ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：recognize that he had made a big mistake
9. count vt.&vi.& n 常见意义：
(2)n.计数；数出的数
(回归课本P58)Walking and riding your bike count，and so do school sports.
步行和骑自行车都有用，学校里的体育活动也有用。
归纳拓展
常用短语：count down倒计时
count for对……有价值，有利于
count in把……算在内，考虑在内
count on指望，依赖
count out不把……算在内
countable adj.可数的
countless adj.数不清的
例句探源
①Surely it doesn’t matter where the student associations get their money from；what counts is what they do with it.
学生会从哪儿弄到的钱无关紧要，重要的是他们怎样用它。
②(朗文P458)Ms.Henderson said the final count may exceed 2,000.亨德森女士说最终的总数可能超过2000。
③Knowledge without common sense counts for little.
光有学问而无常识，则这种学问无甚价值。
④Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched.
不要蛋尚未孵就先数小鸡(不要打如意算盘)。
⑤(牛津P453)I’m counting on you to help me.
我就靠你帮我了。
14．完成句子
(1)我们把她看作交情最久的一个朋友。
We ________ her ________ one of our oldest friends.
答案：count；as
(2)不算小孩，我们邀请到了50人。
We have invited 50 people，
________________ the children.
答案：not counting
(3)这场比赛每一分都很重要。
Every point in this game________.
答案：counts
(4)我听说你们在组织下周去看比赛？把我也算上！
I hear you are organizing a trip to the game next week？________ me ________！
答案：Count，in
★15.(2010年吉林模拟)This is what you should keep in mind；never________a salary increase before you actually get it.
A．take on B．count on
C．wait on D．draw on
解析：选B。count on意为“依赖，指望”。
10. concentrate vt.& vi. 集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注
(回归课本P58)Many teenagers are surprised to learn that when you exercise，your body produces some chemicals that make you feel relaxed and increase your ability to concentrate when you study.
许多青少年很惊讶地了解到，当你锻炼时，你的体内产生一些化学物质，他们会使你感到轻松，当你学习时还可增强你集中精力的能力。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P408)Turn off the TV，so you can concentrate on your homework.关掉电视，这样你能集中精力做作业。
②(牛津P406)I decided to concentrate all my efforts on finding somewhere to live.我决定全力以赴找个住的地方。
16．完成句子
(1)我把注意力集中于在生物学上取得更高的分数。
I ________ ________a better grade in biology.
答案：concentrated on
(2)他全力以赴以按时完成该项工作。
He made a ________ effort ________________ the work on time.
答案：concentrated；to finish
17．一句多译
他全神贯注地读那本小说。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：He is concentrating (his attention) on the novel .
He is focusing /fixing his attention on the novel.
He is absorbed in the novel.
He is applying himself to the novel.
He is lost in the novel.
11. amount n． 量，数量
v． 合计，等于，意味着
(回归课本P58)A good amount of sleep every night is also important for your health.
每晚保证充分的睡眠对你的健康也是很重要的。
归纳拓展
(1)amount用作名词，意为“数量、数额”，通常用于a(great，large，good，huge，fair) amount of 这类结构，后接不可数名词。【注意】 a great amount of＋不可数名词结构作主语时，谓语动词要用单数，但在great amounts of＋不可数名词结构作主语时，谓语动词要和amounts一致。
(2)作动词时，意为“合计”、“等于”、“意味着”，通常是不及物动词，其后常接介词to。
例句探源
①(牛津P62)We have had an enormous amount of help from people.我们得到了人们大力帮助。
②(朗文P62)Time lost to sick leave amounted to 1,357 working days.
因请假而损失的时间总计达1357个工作日。
③This amounts to cheating the teacher.
这等于是欺骗老师。
【温馨提示】 “大量的”常见表达法
18．用所给词的适当形式填空：
(1)A large amount of damage ________(be) done in a short time.
答案：was
(2)Large amounts of damage ________ (be) done in a short time.
答案：were
★19.The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took________ pictures of them.
A．many of B．masses of
C．the number of D．a large amount of
解析：选B。根据pictures是可数名词复数，可排除D，a large amount of＋不可数名词，A.many 直接修饰名词，是不用介词of的，再根据意义：“我们给他们拍了许多照片”，而C.the number of...意为“……的数量”，不符合题意，而B.masses of后既可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词，意为“许多，大量……”所以选B。
12. work out
(回归课本P42)I used to go to the gym three times a week，but I don’t work out any more.
我以前也常去健身房，一周三次，可我现在不再锻炼了。
归纳拓展
work的其他常用短语：
work on从事，致力于；继续工作；对……起作用
work at从事(某活动、研究等)
work for为……工作
work with与……共事，与……合作
out of work 失业
set to work 着手工作
at work 在工作；活动着；在起作用
例句探源
①(牛津P2320)I work out regularly to keep fit.
我经常做运动以保持健康。
②(朗文P2364)Have you worked out the schedule for next month？你做好下个月的日程安排了吗？
③You can work out the answer by adding all the numbers.
你把所有的数加在一起就能算出答案了。
④How did his suggestion work out?
他的提议结果怎么样？
⑤I can’t work Mary out，one day she’s friendly the next day she ignores me completely.我对玛丽真是搞不明白，她忽而对我友好，忽而对我视同路人。
⑥The plan didn’t work out well.
计划进展得不太顺利。
20．完成句子
(1)我们没有那样计划展览会但是它却进展很顺利。
We didn’t plan our exhibition like that but it ________ ________ ________.
答案：worked out well
(2)我已计算出我的旅行费用是2500元。
I’ve ________ ________ my travelling expenses at 2,500 yuan.
答案：worked out
(3)这个问题很难，得用上一会才能解决。
The problem is very difficult.It will take you a while ________ ________ ________.
答案：to work out
(4)我弄不清这音乐是从哪里传来的。
________ ________ ________ ________ where the music was coming from.
答案：I couldn’t work out
(5)将军制订出了新的进攻方案。
The general ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ of attack.
答案：worked out a new plan
13. fall out (牙齿或头发)脱落；争吵，闹翻；(士兵)解散
(回归课本P49)After taking this kind of pill for some time，your friend’s hair might fall out or he might have health problems.在服用这种药片一段时间后，你朋友的头发可能会脱落，他也可能出现健康问题。
归纳拓展
fall into养成，染上
fall behind落后
fall asleep 入睡
fall in love with 爱上……
fall down 倒塌
fall over 被……绊倒
fall on/upon sb.突然降临
例句探源
①(朗文P730)My dad’s hair fell out when he was only 30.
我爸爸才三十岁就掉头发了。
②(朗文P730)Walker has recently fallen out with his publisher.
沃克最近与他的出版商起了纠纷。
③The house looked as if it was about to fall down.
房子看起来好像就要倒塌似的。
④I rushed for the door and fell over the cat in the hallway.
我冲向门口，在过道踢到一只猫而摔了一跤。
⑤The soldiers fell on the villagers and seized all their weapons.士兵们袭击了村民，并缴获了所有武器。
21．用适当的介、副词填空：
(1)We can’t afford to fall ________ our competitors in using the new technology.
答案：behind
(2)She has fall ________ love ________ him at the first sight.
答案：in；with
(3)She often falls ________ with her husband.
答案：out
(4)He fell ________ a chair in the dark room.
答案：over
(5)The duty has fallen ________ me to announce that we will be going out of business at the end of the year.
答案：on
14. as a matter of fact 事实上，实际上；其实
(回归课本P58)As a matter of fact，loss of sleep can make you look tired，and even cause you to put on weight.
事实上，睡眠不足会使你看起来疲倦，甚至导致你体重增加。
归纳拓展
(1)用来加强语气或表示强调。
(2)用来引出与听话人期待相反的事实，意为：事实上，恰恰相反。
(3)as a matter of fact＝in (actual)fact＝in point of fact＝in reality＝in truth＝actually
例句探源
①(牛津P1245)It’s a nice place，we’ve stayed there ourselves，as a matter of fact.
那地方不错，其实，我们自己在那儿待过。
②?Do you mind my turning the television on?
我打开电视你介意吗？
?Yes，I do，as a matter of fact.
事实上我介意。
★22.?Do you know Anna’s telephone number?
?________.As a matter of fact，I don’t know any Anna，either.
A．I think so B．I’m afraid not
C．I hope so D．I’d rather not
解析：选B。根据As a matter of fact，I don’t know any Anna，either.可知回答时应用否定形式，故排除A、C两项；I’d rather not宁愿不……，不符合题意。句意：??您知道安娜的电话号码吗？??恐怕不知道。事实上我也不认识什么安娜。
23．I would like a job which pays more，but ________ I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.
A．in other words B．on the other hand
C．for one thing D．as a matter of fact
解析：选B。in other words换句话说；on the other hand另一方面；for one thing 一则，常与for another thing连用；as a matter of fact＝in fact事实上。句意：我想要一份报酬高点儿的工作，而另一方面我又非常喜欢目前的工作。前后文是明显的转折关系，所以选B。
15. in no time 立刻，马上
(回归课本P58)If you follow the suggestions above，you will look and feel much better in no time at all.
如果你遵守以上建议，用不了多久你就会气色好，感觉棒。
归纳拓展
in no time立刻，马上(没有否定意义，用于句首时句子不可倒装)
at no time决不，任何时候都不(具有否定意义，用于句首时句子须用部分倒装)
at times＝from time to time＝sometimes有时，偶尔
at one time 曾经，一度
at a time每次，一次，逐一
for the time being 暂时
in time(for sth./to do sth.)来得及
all the time一直，始终
ahead of time 提前
on time 准时，按时
at the same time 同时
例句探源
①(朗文P2162)The men promised them they could double their money in no time.
那些家伙向他们许诺可以马上把价钱翻一倍。
②(牛津P2118)We finished fifteen minutes ahead of time.
我们提前15分钟完成。
③At one time I used to go skiing every winter.
我曾经每到冬季就去滑雪。
④She has to work at weekends from time to time.
她偶尔周末还得工作。
⑤We had to go and see the principal one at a time.
我们得逐一去见校长。
24．用适当的短语填空：
(1)________ ________ ________ are you allowed to smoke.
答案：At no time
(2)I answered his questions ________ ________ ________ .
答案：in no time
(3)Please ask questions one ________ ________ ________.
答案：at a time
(4)I arrived ________ ________ to attend the opening ceremony.
答案：in/on time
(5)He was a teacher ________ ________ ________，but he is a sportsman now.
答案：at one time
(6)They don’t like to be late；they always come ________ ________ ________.
答案：ahead of time
16. take in
(回归课本P58)If you take in the correct number of calories and exercise regularly，you will lose weight，keep fit，and feel great.如果你摄入适量的卡路里，并且经常锻炼，你就会减轻体重，保持健康状态，而且感觉很棒。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P2100)I needed a minute to take in what Carter has told me.我需要一小会儿去领会卡特告诉我的那些话。
②(牛津P2059)Don’t be taken in by his charm?he’s ruthless.不要被他迷人的风度所蒙蔽，其实他冷酷无情。
③How much did you take in at the garage sale?
你在那次车库旧货售卖活动中挣了多少钱？
④When did this hotel schedule to take in guests?
这家旅馆什么时候开始接待客人？
25．(2010年高考四川卷)Jenny was looking for a seat when，luckily，a man ________ and left.
A．took up B．got up
C．shut up D．set up
解析：选B。考查动词短语的辨析。get up站起来。句意：很幸运，詹妮找座位时，有个男的站起来离开了。take up“拿起，捡起，占去(地方、时间、注意力等)，开始从事(一项事业、一种职业等)”；shut up“关闭(门、窗等)，(使)住口”；set up“开办，装配，建立”。
★26.(2009年高考浙江卷)Practising Chinese kung fu can not only ________ one’s strength，but also develop one’s character.
A．bring up B．take up
C．build up D．pull up
解析：选C。句意：“练中国功夫不仅能强身健体，还能陶冶情操。”build up“增强体质，使更加强壮；创建，开发”；bring up“抚育；培养”；take up占(时间，空间)，从事；pull up拨起，停下，C项符合题意。
★27.(2009年高考安徽卷)We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all ________.
A．given away B．kept away
C．taken up D．used up
解析：选C。句意：我们想找一张七个人的桌子，但全被占了。give away泄露；赠送；keep away 远离；take up“占据，从事”；use up“用光”，C符合题意。
28．用恰当的介、副词填空：
(1)He was homeless，so we took him ________.
答案：in
(2)The plane took ________ an hour late.
答案：off
(3)The new magazine has really taken ________.
答案：off
(4)She was taken ________ as a trainee.
答案：on
(5)His father took ________ the company in 1990.
答案：over
(6)She took ________ the story where Tim had left off.
答案：up
(7)They’ve taken ________ golf after retirement.
答案：up
(8)We take having an endless supply of clean water ________ granted.
答案：for
17. give up 放弃
(回归课本P58)Often，teenagers give up on sport，saying they have no time left after their studies.
常常有这样的情况，有些青少年干脆放弃体育锻炼，声称学习繁忙，没有时间进行体育锻炼。
归纳拓展
(1)give up“放弃”。可以及物也可以不及物，侧重于“主动地放弃”，后接代词时，代词必须置于up前。
(2)give up doing sth.放弃做……
(3)give的其他常用搭配
give in to向……投降/屈服/让步
give up doing sth.放弃干某事
give away泄露，送掉，赠送
give out 分配，分发；散发(热、光等)；用完耗尽；(发动机等)出故障
give off放出，散发(光，热，气味等)
give back归还，恢复 give way to...给……让路
例句探源
①(牛津P861)She didn’t give up work when she had the baby.
她生了孩子后并未放弃工作。
②(牛津P861)I give up?tell me the answer.
我放弃了，把答案告诉我吧！
③I’ve given up smoking.我已经戒烟了。
④If a person has not had enough sleep，his actions will give him away during the day.如果一个人没有充足的睡眠，那么一天中他的行为举止就会显露出来。
⑤We will never give in to terrorist demands.
我们决不会对恐怖分子的要求作出让步。
29．用give的短语完成句子：
(1)After a month their food supplies ________ ________.过了一个月，他们的食物贮备消耗殆尽。
答案：gave out
(2)Rotten eggs ________ ________ a bad smell.
变质的鸡蛋发出臭味。
答案：gave off
(3)Do not ________ ________ my secret.
不要泄露我的秘密。
答案：give away
(4)He ________ ________ most of his fortunes to the poor.他把大部分财产送给了穷人。
答案：gave away
(5)Bill kept asking his mother if he could go to the movies and she finally ________ ________/________ ________.
比尔不停地问他妈妈他是否可以去看电影，她终于让步了。
答案：gave in/gave way
(6)?Smoking is bad for your health.
抽烟有害健康。
?Yes，I know.But I simply can’t ________ ________ ________.
我知道，但我就是戒不掉。
答案：give it up
句型解析
1【教材原句】 We shouldn’t be ashamed of the way we look.(P43)我们不应该为我们外在的样子感到羞愧。
【句法分析】 the way，“方式”用作介词of的宾语，we look作the way的定语，表示某人做某事的方式，the way在从句中作状语，引导词被省略了。
归纳拓展
教授有一种特殊的方法可以使他的课生动而有趣。
②The way(in which/that)we view learning and knowledge is also changing.
我们看待学习和知识的方式也在改变。
③I don’t like the way(in which/that)you laugh at her.
我不喜欢你嘲笑她的方式。
【温馨提示】 以上in which/that后的定语从句中，way用作方式状语，试比较：
④Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that/which will give the reader a strong impression.
一些诗歌讲述一个故事或者以可以给读者留下深刻印象的方式描述事物。(way在定语从句中作主语)
⑤The way(that/which)he explained to us was quite simple.
他向我们解释的方法很简单。(way在定语从句中作宾语)
30．完成句子
(1)他向我们解释句子的方法并不难理解。
The way ________ ________/________
/________ he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
答案：in which/that/不填
(2)这些学生看问题的方法不对。
The way ________
________/________/________ these studens look at problems is wrong.
答案：in which/that/不填
(3)你认为他刚才提到的方法怎么样？
What do you think of the way ________/________/________ he spoke of just now?
答案：that/which/不填
★31.I don’t like the way ________ he congratulated us ________ getting married.
A．in which；on B．that；for
C．in that；on D．/；about
解析：选A。句意：我不喜欢他祝贺我们结婚的方式。congratulate sb.on(doing)sth.是固定词组，意为“祝贺某人某事”；另外，he...married为定语从句，修饰the way，the way在从句中用作方式状语。
2【教材原句】 I think you look great as you are...(P43)
我认为你这个样子就很好……
【句法分析】 as you are“照你的现状，照你的原样”，as引导方式状语从句，意为“像，按照……的方式”，as＝in the way that。
①Every one of the students also put a finger in their mouths just as the teacher did.
就像老师那样，每个学生也把一个手指放在他们嘴里。
②Do as you are told to，or you’ll be fired.
告诉你怎么做你就怎么做，否则你会被解雇。
归纳拓展
as it is照现在的样子；照现在的情况看；实际上,as for至于；关于,as with正如……一样,as is often the case with那对……是常有的事,as is known to all众所周知
【温馨提示】 (1)as it is作“实际上”讲，常用在句首，作插入语，需用逗号将其和句子其他部分隔开。as it was是它的过去式。(2)as it is用于句尾时，表示“照现在的样子”“照原样”。as they are是它的复数形式。
③As it is，they need this.事实上，他们需要这个。
④Please leave the cup as it is.请把杯子照原样摆放。
⑤Please state the things as they are.请如实陈述事实。
32．完成句子
(1)不必改变自己??你这样就很好。
You don’t have to change yourself?you are fine just ________ ________ ________.
答案：as you are
(2)你最好顺其自然。
You’d better leave it ________ ________ ________.
答案：as it is
★33.If I were rich，I should help them out.________，I can do nothing.
A．As is often the case B．As is it
C．As the case is often D．As it is
解析：选D。句意：如果我有钱的话，我会帮助他们。事实上，我无能为力。as it is＝in reality＝in fact(事实上，实际上)；as is often the case常用作定语从句，意为“那是常有的事”。
3【教材原句】 Is there such a thing as being big boned？(P57)
有大骨架这样的说法吗？
【句法分析】 such...as诸如……的……，as短语用作a thing的定语。
(牛津P2018)There is no such thing as a free lunch.
世上没有免费午餐之类的好事。
归纳拓展
(1)such...as＋定语从句
①(朗文P2060)Such food as they gave us was warm and nutritious.他们给我们的那些食物是热的，而且有营养。
试比较：
②She is such a good teacher as we all respect.
她是一个我们都很尊敬的好老师。(定语从句，as替代teacher在从句中作respect的宾语。)
③She is such a good teacher that we all respect her.
她是一个非常好的老师，我们都很尊敬她。(结果状语从句，that只是引导词，在从句中不作成份。)
(2)be such that/as到如此程度；如此……以至……
④Brown’s influence was such that he was never investigated.布朗的影响之大，以至于从未接受过调查。(that引导结果状语从句)
⑤The power of the explosion was such as no one had ever seen.爆炸的威力如此巨大，以至于未曾有人见识过。(as引导定语从句)
⑥His kindness was such as to make us all love him.
＝He was so kind as to make us all love him.
他那么厚道，以至于我们大家都喜欢他。(as to后接不定式作结果状语)
(3)such as“像，诸如”用于列举
试比较：
⑦(朗文P2060)Cartoon characters such as Mickey Mouse and Snoopy are still popular with youngsters.
＝Cartoon characters，for example，Mickey Mouse and Snoopy are still popular with youngsters.
卡通人物，如米老鼠和史努比，在儿童中仍很受欢迎。(such as后不用逗号，for example用作插入语，须用逗号将其和句子的其他部分隔开。)
34．完成句子
(1)Such advice ________ he was given has proved almost worthless.
答案：as
(2)The damage was such ________ it would cost thousands to repair.
答案：that
(3)Languages，________ ________ English and French，are not difficult to learn.
答案：such as
★35.My English teacher’s humor was ________ make every student burst into laughter.
A．so as to B．such as to
C．such that D．so that
解析：选B。句意：我英语老师非常幽默，总会使每个学生开怀大笑。such用作全句的表语；as to make every student burst into laughter为不定式短语，用作结果状语，本句相当于My English teacher was so humorous as to make every student burst into laughter.
4【教材原句】 Walking and riding your bike count，and so do school sports.(P58)
行走和骑自行车就算，在学校里进行的体育活动也算。
【句法分析】 walking and riding your bike为动名词短语在句中作主语。so do school sports相当于school sports count too。其中do为助动词。其所用句式为：“so＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语”，表示上述肯定情况同样也适用于后者，意为“某某也是如此”。
若上句是一个否定句，则下句不能用so，而用neither或nor，表示后者“也同样不……”，也可用“主语＋否定句，either”。
①My father enjoys watching TV，and so does my mother.
我父亲喜欢看电视，我母亲也喜欢看。
②Lily can’t play table?tennis.Neither can I.
莉莉不会打乒乓球，我也不会。
③He has made up his mind to continue with his studies.So have I．他决定继续自己的学业，我也是。
④?It is cold today.
今天天很冷。
?So was it yesterday.
昨天也是。
归纳拓展
(1)so＋主语＋助动词/情态动词/be
该句式表示赞同，意思是“正是这样；的确如此”，含有certainly或indeed之意，并带有感情色彩，常用来肯定或确认上文提到的情况。注意这一结构的主语与上文提到的主语是同一人或物。
⑤?It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。
?So it was.的确如此。
⑥?He came to China last year.他去年来过中国。
?So he did.的确如此。
(2)“主语＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋so”结构表示主语做了前文所说的事情。
⑦Mother asked me to finish the homework first and I did so.
妈妈要求我先完成作业，我就按照妈妈的要求做了。
(3)so it is/was with sb.＝it is/was the same with sb.此句式也表示后者与前者处于相同的情况，当前面既有否定句又有肯定句，或有多个谓语动词、助动词难以选择时，用此句型。
⑧He likes sports but doesn’t like music，so it is with me./it’s the same with me.
他喜欢运动不喜欢音乐，我也一样。
⑨He is a doctor and doesn’t like meat.So it is with her./It is the same with her.
他是一名医生，不喜欢吃肉，她也是这样。
36．完成句子
(1)如果你不去，我也不去。
If you don’t go，________/________________ ________.
答案：neither/nor will I
(2)医生嘱咐我这药一天吃三次，我这样做了。
The doctor told me to take the medicine three times a day and ________ ________ ________.
答案：I did so
(3)戴维最近取得了很大的进步。
?David has made great progress recently.
他的确是取得了很大的进步，你也取得了很大的进步。
?________ ________ ________，and so have you.
答案：So he has
(4)他善长英语，能够说一口流利的英语，玛丽也是如此。
He is good at English and can speak it fluently.________ ________ ________ ________ Mary.
答案：So it is with
★37.(2010年株洲调研测试)?You forgot your purse when you went out.
?Good heavens，________.
A．so did I B．so I did
C．I did so D．I so did
解析：选B。句意：??你出去时忘了带钱包了。??天啊，我真地忘了。so I did我真地忘了。表示对上文提到的情况的肯定和确认。
★38.(2010年云南玉溪一中期中考试)?You should have recited the text yesterday.
?________.But I forgot all when asked to recite in front of many students.
A．So I should B．So should I
C．So did I D．So I did
解析：选D。当一种肯定情况也适用于另外一个主语时，so置于句首倒装，即构成“so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”这个句式，表示“……也这样”；当前后说的是同一个主语时，则用“so＋主语＋系动词/助动词/情态动词”这个句式，表示“……确实是这样”。由答句句意可知，这里说的意思是：我确实这样做了(我昨天背课文了)，但是当着许多学生的面背诵时，我什么都忘记了。由此可知，答案是D。
语法指导
并列句
◆什么是并列句
并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句构成，这些简单句通过并列连词或表并列关系的副词连接，有时也可以用分号连接，它们在整个句子中的地位是平等的，没有主从之分，互不依从。
◆主要并列关系
并列句一般由三种方式连接而成，连词、连接副词和分号。一般来说，只有当两个分句之间的关系比较明确时，才会只用分号(不用连词)连接，而大多数情况下都需要使用并列连词或副词进行连接。因此，要正确地表达出句子之间的并列关系，就必须熟悉并掌握英语中常见的表示各种并列关系的连词和副词。
英语中主要的并列关系及常用连词或副词参见下表：
关系常用并列连词或副词
并列and，as well as，both...and，not only...but(also)，neither...nor
转折或对比but，however，whereas，while，yet，still，instead，nevertheless，notwithstanding，on the other hand，not...but，rather than，in contrast，on the contrary
选择or，nor，or else，otherwise，either...or
递进besides，also，even，moreover，likewise，furthermore，what’s more，in addition
因果for，thus，so，therefore，hence，consequently，accordingly，as a result
时间then，meanwhile，subsequently，afterward，later
解释that is(to say)，in other words
【佳句选粹】
①We must make great efforts to catch up with others，or we will fall behind the others forever.(选择关系)
②She wanted to go to the cinema，but her parents told her not to.(表转折)
【分析】 以上两句均属于并列句。第①句由or连接，两个并列分句之间是选择关系；第②句由but连接，两个并列分句之间是转折关系。
【佳句选粹】
①Either you improve your work or I shall dismiss you.(选择关系)
②Not only did he speak more correctly，but also he spoke more easily.(并列关系)
【分析】 以上两句均属于并列句。第①句由either...or...连接，两个并列分句之间是选择关系；第②句由not only...but also...连接，两个并列分句之间是并列关系。
【佳句选粹】
1．There was no news；nevertheless she went on hoping.(转折关系)
2．He never went again，nor did he write to apologize.(并列关系)
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