1 able / capable
able和capable均用于谈及某人能够做某事。
若说someone is able to do something意为某人能做某事，因为有知识或技能，或具备做该事的条件。
Breslow wondered if he could be able to climb over the rail. 布雷斯洛不知道是否能爬过栏杆。
They must be able to use their profiles for new investment. 他们必须能把利润用于新的投资。
注意，过去时表明某人实际上已经做了某事。
We were able to reduce costs. 我们能够降低成本。
若说someone is capable of doing something 指某人如有需要的话，是具有做某事的知识或技能的，或指他有可能会做某事。
Workers are perfectly capable of running the organizations which employ them. 工人完全有能力经营受雇的机构。
She was quite capable of dropping off to sleep. 她往往会不知不觉入睡。
也可说to be capable of a feeling or an action，意为具有某种感情，或会做得出某事的。
I think he's capable of loyalty and seriousness. 我想他会忠诚，认真。
Bowman could not not believe him capable of murder. 鲍曼不相信他会杀人。
在谈及汽车或机器等的性能时，通常用capable of。
... water turbines, which are capable of producing more economical electricity. ……能降低发电成本的水动涡轮机。
The car was capable of 110 miles per hour. 这车每小时能跑一百一十英里。
若把某人描述为able或capable，其意为某人聪明能干。两词用作这一意义时，基本相同。
... the able and methodical King Charles V of France. ……能干、有条理的法国国王查理五世。
This very able man totally failed to see the possibilities of the telephone. 这位非常能干的人根本没看到电话的潜在价值。
Newborn babies are more capable than was once thought. 新生婴儿的能力比以前人们想象的要强得多。
Well, you certainly have a capable gardener there. 哟，你的园丁一定能干。
2 above / over
above 和over均用于谈及位置和高度。某物比另一物高，但并非在其正上方时，则用above。
The trees rose above the houses.
树木长得高出房屋。
to go over something的意思是越过某物或某地，走到另一端。
Castle stepped over the dog.
卡所尔跨过这条狗。
...a soaring seagull swooping over Central Park.
……一只翱翔的海鸥掠过中央公园。
穿两件衣服，一件套在另一件上面，可说you are wearing one over the other。
Rudolph was wearing a sweater over a wool shirt, and a silk scarf.
鲁道夫在羊毛衫外穿了件外套，还戴了丝围巾。
某物比另一物高，并且位于其正上方时，也可用above或over。
He opened a cupboard above the sink.
他打开洗涤槽上方的橱柜。
She learned forward until her face was directly over the basin.
她俯下身子，面对脸盆。
above 和over 均可用于谈及度量。
说到某一距离或某段时间比已提及的距离或时间长时，用over。
The plane flew at a height of over twelve thousand feet.
飞机在一万二千多英尺的高度飞行。
So we had this beautiful relationship for over a year.
我们之间的这种美好关系保持了一年多。
谈到某点，尤其是标尺上的某点比另一点高时，用above或over均可。
The amount of tax you should pay is determined by what you earn above a certain figure.
你应缴的税额由超过某一数额的那一部分收入所决定。
Any money earned over that level is taxed at the rate of 59 per cent.
超过这一数额的收入以百分之五十九的比率纳税。
In each case I want to know the height of the man. Everybody above five feet eight inches is suspect.
每个案件，我都想知道作案人的身高，身高在五英尺八英寸以上者都有嫌疑。
above 和over均可用于说明某人身份的高低及与他人比较的相对重要性。
谈到某人比旁人重要，地位比旁人高时，用above。
... behaving as if she was in a position above even the staff, and certainly above us.
……从举止看，她的地位似乎还高于职员，当然也高于我们。
Someone is over you意为某人可以对你发号施令或下达指示。
...an officer set in authority over him.
……一名权力高于他的官员。
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