第I卷(共105分)第一部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分55分)第一节语法和词汇知识(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.—Sorry，I can’t find the books you asked for.—______________A.Don’t mention it. B.Thanks anyway.C.It’s your fault. D.I won’t forgive you.2.However severe the journey is，_____________ I am with nature，I don’t care.A.even if B.unless C.as long as D.once3.This article is well written because special attention _____________ to the choice of words.A.has paid B.has been paid C.had paid D.had been paid4.The Chinese political system has _______________ over a long period of time.A.bewared B.tended C.shrunk D. evolved5.I received Tom’s letter yesterday ______________ he expressed his thanks for my advice.A.where B.when C.which D.why6.Volunteering，____________ as a way of building character，is popular among young people.A.seen B.to see C.seeing D.being seen7.Success partially depends on ___________ you have the patience to do simple things perfectly.A.that B.what C.whether D.when8.He has refused to ___________ any information on the matter.A.put away B.give out C.hand over D.see through9.We ___________ for over 2 hours.Are you sure this is the right way?A.have been driving B.were drivingC.had driven D.drove10.Look at the trouble I am in! If only I _____________ your advice.A.followed B.would followC.had followed D.should follow第二节 完形填空(共30小题;ll—20每小题1分，2l—40每小题1.5分，满分40分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从11—40各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(I)Children can sometimes teach us valuable lessons.One summer afternoon over a dam，our three sons asked if they could dive off the newly-built bridge.Their 11 was certainly met with“No”.Not only was it a 13-foot drop to the water.I pointed out，but there might be potential dangers that could be a 12 trap.However，my middle son was not 13 .At his suggestion his elder brother walked into the water and 14 the area where they wanted to

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jump.The 15 of water was fine，as well as being 16 of dangers.They had the times of their lives that afternoon.I can’t help relating that 17 to everyday life.How many 18 have I missed because I was 19 by “potential dangers” that were 20 never there in the first place?11.A.question B.inquiry C.request D.reaction12.A.joy B.death C.sorrow D.1eisurel3.A.disappointed B.contused C.encouraged D.convinced14.A.surveyed B.searched C.chose D.found15.A.width B.quantity C.depth D.temperature16.A.clear B.afraid C.free D.full17.A.outing B.experience C.research D.practice18.A.jobs B.occasions C.opportunities D.sights19.A.cheated B.blinded C.moved D.fascinated20.A.certainly B.truly C.partly D.probably(II)one afternoon walking along Fifth Avenue，I remembered that it was necessary to buy one pair of socks.I turned into the first sock shop that 21 my eye，and a young clerk 22 .“1 want to buy a pair of socks.”I said.His eyes were shining.There was a note of 23 in his voice.“Did you know that yon had come into the 24 place in the world to buy socks?”I had not been 25 of that，as I entered the shop 26 .“Come with me，”said the boy，excitedly.I followed him to the back part of the shop，and he began to take down from the shelves box after box， 27 their goods for my enjoyment.“ 28 ，young man，I am going to buy only 29 !”“I know that，”said he，“but I want you to see how 30 these are. Aren’t they wonderful?”There was an expression of 31 on his face, as if he had 32 the lottery.I became far 33 interested in him than in the socks.I looked at him in 34 .“My friend，”said I，“if you can keep up this enthusiasm and excitement day after day，in ten years you will 35 in your career.”My amazement at his pride and joy in salesmanship will be easily understood by all who read this article. In many shops the 36 ha

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s to wait for someone to serve him.The clerk shows no 37 either in you or in the goods he is paid to sell.Many young people began his career with hope and 38 at first.Then the daily work was too much for him;the newness 39 slowly.That was the 40 stage.His usefulness was over.21.A.kept B.shut C.took D.caught22.A.turned out B.got along C.came forward D.went off23.A.anxiety B.shame C.panic D.excitement24.A.finest B.most beautiful C.biggest D.most comfortable25.A.sure B.aware C.confident D.capable26.A.in particular B.at length C.by accident D.on purpose27.A.exchanging B.showing C.selling D.hiding28.A.Look out B.Look up C.Hold up D.Hold on29.A.one piece B.two pieces C.one pair D. two pairs30.A.beautiful B.cheap C.valuable D.strange31.A.pleasure B.sadness C.surprise D.puzzle32.A.bought B.found C.won D.1ost33.A.much B.more C.1ess D.1ittle34.A.anger B.despair C.amazement D.vain35.A.succeed B.fail C.delay D.fade36.A.salesman B.passenger C.manager D.customer37.A.pride B.interest C.mercy D.admiration38.A.content B.sympathy C.surprise D.enthusiasm39.A.disappeared B.appeared C.arose D.increased40.A.first B.next C.1ast D.new第二部分 阅读理解(共25小题;每小题2分，满分50分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMary Moe may look like an average grandmother.But she is not.She just learned how to fly an airplane，a dream she has had since she was a little girl.But Mary Moe could not find time to make her dream come true.At age 34，she was just too busy to think about flying a plane.Lessons were costly.Everything seemed to be working against Mary.So her dream had to wait.Mary Moe has done a lot during the past 91 years.For much of that time，she wanted to fly，but never had the chance—until now.Ms.Moe learned about Wish of a Lifetime, a non-profit organization.Its go

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al is to change the way our society thinks about aging and older adults.Sally Webster works for the group.She said Ms.Moe’s wish is one of hundreds they receive each year.Wish of a Lifetime helps older people to enjoy a dream.It also sends the message that it is never too late for a dream.But Ms.Webster says it also wants to send another message to society that older Americans can achieve things just like younger Americans can.Susie Danick also believes in this goal.She founded TAD Relocation，a business that helps senior citizens when they move.Ms.Danick gave $5，000 to the Wish of a Lifetime to help seniors realize a dream.Mary Moe was one of them.Mary Moe received three flying lessons.And on the big day of her first flight，her family and friends all came to cheer her on.Mary’s success made everyone around her excited and proud.It was just a great event，a great day.Flying teacher David Waksberg says she was very calm，which is always important when you’re flying.It is never too late to spread your wings and try something new.You are never too old to try to make your dreams come true.40. Why was Mary Moe’s dream difficult to come true?A.She had no enough time and money in the past.B.She did nothing for flying lessons.C.No pilots were willing to help her.D.Her family did not support her wish.42.What can we infer from the goal of Wish of a Lifetime?A.Older adults can not make their dream come true.B.Americans feel and think about aging properly.C.The old may be supposed to achieve nothing.D.Young Americans treat older people unfairly.43.How can we understand the underlined word“move”in the fifth paragraph?A.to change your place or position. B.to start to act for the dream.C.to go to live in a different place. D.to change a different job.44.From Mary Moe’s success，we can know she is ____________.A.determined B.stubborn C.unrealistic D.delicate45.What do we know about Wish of a Lifetime?A.It can make much money every year.B.Ms.Moe did mu

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ch for its development.C.It is popular with the young Americans.D.It encourages many old adults to succeed.BIt does not come as a surprise that Dubai has a growing problem with tragic.The local rulers have explored all the conventional ways to get traffic moving again，including higher prices for parking，fuel and insurance.But at a recent conference in Hamburg，Hussain Lootah said that the city may adopt a more strict approach：setting an income level for vehicle ownership.Mr Lootah’s approach is unlikely to be copied widely，but mayors of other big cities around the world are starting to think about taking severe actions of their own，including complete car bans in inner cities.But the efforts may not be enough to reduce traffic and pollution.The problems will only get worse：the number of vehicles sold globally each year will grow from around 80 million today to more than 100 million by the end of the decade，according to IHS Automotive.There are already a handful of car-free communities around the world.But these are typically small and often tourist destinations that seek to create a throwback in time，such as Sark Island，in the English Channel.The largest ear-free urban area is probably Venice，where it is impossible to build roads and bridges to link the more than 100 small islands the city sits on.Yet pedestrian malls and other car-free zones keep popping up in cities around the world.Some cities are considering ways to limit central city access to“green”machines，such as battery-electric vehicles.Hamburg is perhaps the furthest along.Such extreme plans may fly in a city such as Hamburg.But in many other cities the political resistance even to less far-reaching measures is hard to overcome.Michael Bloomberg，New York’s former mayor，tried twice to introduce a jam charge for much of Manhattan，but his plans were rejected by state lawmakers.46.What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us?A.Dubai government tries to improve its local incomes.B.Dubai government tries to sol

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ve traffic problems.C.Dubai government tries to reduce prices for parking.D.Dubai government tries to offer more insurance to locals.47.Why is it still hard to reduce traffic problems?A.Because Mr Lootah’s approach will be copied widely.B.Because mayors take gentle measures toward them.C.Because more vehicles will be sold globally each year.D.Because complete car bans in inner cities are not made.48.What causes Venice to be the largest car-free urban area?A.Its natural geographical characteristics.B.Its too many tourist destinations.C.Its reduced number of cars.D.Its government law on car free.49.What can we learn from Paragraph 4?A.“Green”machines can be accessible in central city.B.All vehicles can be used in central city.C.Hamburg may not adopt“green”machines.D.People can only walk in central city.50.What made Michael Bloomberg’s plans defeated?A.Financial factorsB.Traffic jams.C.His retirement from the mayor.D.Political resistance.CAlaska’s Arctic lakes now freeze later and melt earlier in the year than in 1950，leaving them easy to suffer water loss from evaporation(蒸发)and possibly adding to local warming，a new study finds.The winter ice season near Barrow，Alaska，is shorter than in 1950, researchers reported Jan.30 in the journal The Cryosphere.Lake ice is also thinner each winter.The scientists surveyed 402 lakes on the North Slope，where permafrost (permanently frozen ground)and shallow lakes dominate the area.In 2011，the lake ice was 38 percent thinner than in 1950，and 22 percent fewer lakes froze through to their bottoms.“When we saw the actual numbers we were shocked at how dramatic the change has been，”lead study author Cristina Surdu，of the University of Waterloo in Canada，said in a statement.Surdu and her co-authors analyzed the changes in lake—ice thickness and ice cover with satellite images and climate model simulations(satellite images are only available from 1991).The climate models suggest the Arctic lakes froze almost six

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days later and broke up about 18 days earlier in the winter of 2011 compared with the winter of 1950.“The changes in ice and the shortened winter affect Northern communities that depend on ice roads to transport goods，”Surdu said.For example，every winter，oil companies build roads over frozen lakes to carry supplies to Prudhoe Bay.‘‘The dramatic changes in lake ice may also contribute to further warming of the entire region，because open water on lakes contributes to warmer air temperatures，”Surdu said.The Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet，for reasons that may include its layered atmosphere，which traps heat，and the loss of sea ice and snow cover，which help reflect the sun’s energy when present.51.What does the text mainly tell us?A.Arctic 1akes now freeze earlier and melt 1ater.B.Alaska’s local warming is decreasing sharply.C.Arctic lakes are losing ice.D.Arctic lakes hold more flesh water than before.52.What can we infer the North Slope is dotted with?A.thick forests. B.numerous lakes.C.green grasslands.D.fertilized farmlands.53.According to the text，the great changes of Alaska’s Arctic lakes _____________.A.are totally beyond Surdu’s expectationsB.are completely within Surdu’s expectationsC.come as no surprise to Surdu and her co-authorsD.come as a great excitement to Surdu54.How many days was the winter ice season of Arctic 1akes in 2011 shorter than that in 1950?A.6 days. B.12 days. C.18 days. D.24 days.55.What is the last paragraph mainly about according to Surdu?A.What reflects the sun’s energy.B.How its layered atmosphere traps heat.C.Why our planet is warming.D.Why the Arctic region is becoming warmer.DBritain’s private schools are one of its most successful exports.The children of the well-off flock to them，whether from China，Nigeria or Russia ：the number of foreign pupils rose by 1.4%in the last year alone.Yet foreign students，whether educated in British private schools or elsewhere，are decreasingly l

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ikely to go to English universities.According to the Higher Education Funding Council for England，307,200 overseas students began their studies in the country in 2018-13，down from 312，000 two years earlier and the first drop in 29 years.Student numbers from the rest of the European Union(EU)fell—probably a result of the increase in annual tuition fees in England from ￡6，000($10，000)a year to ￡9，000.But arrivals from India and Pakistan declined most sharply.In contrast to the visa system for private schools，which is extremely loose(the Home Office counts private schools as favoured sponsors)，student visas have been tightened.Foreign students used to be allowed to work for up to two years after graduating.They now have only four months to find a job paying up to ￡20，600 if they want to stay in Britain.This change was intended to deal with fake colleges offering two-year work visas.But it seems to have put off serious students too.Nick Hillman of the Higher Education Policy Institute says the government has sent unclear messages about the sort of immigration it wants to restrict.Australia and America，which have more relaxed entry criteria for students，are becoming more favoured destinations.Britain’s student-visa system bas become more onerous(繁琐) overall.As a result，Britain is losing out to other countries in the contest for talent.Its unwelcoming attitude will harm its long-term development.And the drift of foreign students from leading British private schools to American colleges may have another, somewhat happier，consequence：America might become rather better at cricket(板球).56.What causes the foreign student numbers to English universities to drop?A.Poor quality of higher education.B.The sharp increase of tuition fees.C.The poor economic situation in EU.D.Higher living cost in England.57.What’s the aim of UK tightening its student visas?A.To control the student number from India and Pakistan.B.To increase the financial income of UK.C.To send clear messa

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ges about the sort of immigration.D.To deal with fake colleges that offer‘two-year work visas.58.Why is it easy to get the visa from private schools in Britain?A.Because private schools have bad quality of education.B.Because graduates from private schools can earn￡20，600.C.Because private schools turn in more money to the Home Office.D.Because their students can work for two years after graduating.59.According to the passage，Britain________.A.is famous for playing cricketB.will get more talents in the futureC.will simplify its student-visa systemD.will help US colleges to develop cricket60.What can we infer from the text?A.Foreign students are going off English universities.B.American universities are of higher quality than English ones.C.Britain’s student-visa system will help its long-term development.D.Britain’s new student-visa system is popular with foreign students.ETraveling without a map in different countries，I find out about different“styles”of directions every time I ask “How can I get to the post office?”Foreign tourists are often confused in Japan because most streets there don’t have name signs：in Japan，people use landmarks in their directions instead of street names.For example，the Japanese will say to travelers，“Go straight down to the corner.Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market.The post office is across from the bus stop.”People in Los Angeles，the US，have no idea of distance on the map：they measure distance by time，not miles.“How far away is the post office?”you ask.“Oh,”they answer，“it’s about five minutes from here.” You don’t understand completely，“Yes，but how many miles away is it，please?”To this question you won’t get an answer，because most probably they don’t know it themselves.People in Greece sometimes do not even try to give directions because tourists seldom understand the Greek language.Instead，a Greek will often say,“Follow me.”Then he’ll lead you through the streets of the city to the post office.S

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ometimes a person doesn’t know the answer to your question.What happens in the situation? A New Yorker might say，“Sorry, I have no idea.”But in Yucatan，Mexico，no one answers “I don’t know.” People there believe that“I don’t”is impolite.They usually give an answer，but often a wrong one.So a tourist can get lost very easily in Yucatan!However，one thing will help you everywhere in the world.It’s body language.61.Which of the following is probably an example of Japanese directions?A.“Go south two miles.Turn west and then go another mile.”B.“Turn right at the hospital and go past a school.”C.“The post office is about five minutes from here.”D.“The post office is at Street Kamira.”62.Why don’t people in Los Angeles give directions in miles?A.They use landmarks in their directions instead of distance.B.They prefer to lead you the way.C.They often have no idea of distance measured by miles.D.They prefer to use body language.63.How do Greeks give directions?A.Using street names.B.Using landmarks.C.Leading people the way.D.Giving people a wrong direction.64.Where is Yucatan?A.In the USA. B.In Japan. C.In Greece. D.In Mexico.65.Which of the following is NOT true?A.People in Yucatan always give right directions.B.There are different ways to give directions in different parts of the world.C.People in some places give directions in miles，while in other places in time.D.A person’s body language can help you understand directions.

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