2012年高考英语知识点单元总复习教案

编辑: 逍遥路 关键词: 高三 来源: 高中学习网
2012届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版必修四Module 3
知识详解
1 involve vt. 包括;涉及;使参与
(回归课本P22)Greetings in Asian countries do not involve touching the other person,but they always involve the hands.
亚洲人打招呼是不包括接触他人身体的,但经常会用到手。
归纳总结
例句探源
①Every day each of us makes decisions that involve taking a chance.
每天我们每个人作出的决定都包含碰运气的成分。
②(牛津P1078)I was so involved in my book that I didn’t hear you knock.
我全神贯注在看书,没听到你敲门。
③Don’t involve me in your quarrel.
不要把我卷入你们的争吵。
④Most people don’t realize the amount of effort that is involved in writing a novel.
大多数人都不明白写一本小说要花多少心血。
即境活用
1.All the children were ________in the school English competition held on Sunday.
A.attended     B.joined
C.involved D.connected
解析:选C。句意为“所有的孩子都参加了学校星期天的英语竞赛”。注意题中使用了被动结构,A、B首先被排除;D项常见的搭配是be connected to或be connected with,不与介词in搭配;be involved in...“参加了……”。
2.________in reading the book all evening,he took no notice of everything.
A.Involving B.Involved
C.Involve D.To involve
解析:选B。be involved in doing sth.表示“专心于干某事”,故B项正确。
2 deal  n. 协议,交易
v. 经营;买卖;处理
(回归课本P22)We shake hands when we make a deal.
达成了协议,我们就握握手。
归纳总结






例句探源
①(高考大纲全国卷Ⅰ)They learn not only how to run a coffee shop but also how to deal with their affairs.
他们既学习如何经营咖啡店,也学习如何处理自己的事务。
②He knew a good deal more than I did.
他懂得比我多很多。
③The company has made a new deal with a buyer in America.
这家公司与美国的一位买主做了一笔新生意。
易混辨析
do with ,deal with
在表示“处理,对待”时,do with和deal with在陈述句中可以互相替换。但是在特殊疑问句中,表示“怎么处理,怎么对待”时,用法不同。
即do with中,do是及物动词,其后需接宾语,而deal with中deal是不及物动词,其后不能接宾语。
①Last summer I took a course on what to do with poisonous gases.
=Last summer I took a course on how to deal with poisonous gases.
②What do you do with the difficulties you face?
=How do you deal with the difficulties you face?
即境活用
3.?Take it;it is really a bargain.You won’t get a cheaper one in this world.
?OK,it’s a ________.
A.price     B.prize C.deal D.truth
解析:选C。考查名词词义。根据语境可知“买卖成交”,因此用deal。而price“价格”;prize“奖品”;truth“事实”,都与语境不符,故答案为C。
4.The classroom is very noisy,but the green headteacher doesn’t know________.
A.how to do with it B.what to deal with it C.how to deal with it D.what to do with
解析:选C。“怎样处理某事”有两种表达方式:how...deal with sth.和what...do with sth.,故选择C。
3 favour(favor) n. 帮助,恩惠,赞成,关心,偏袒
v. 支持;喜爱;偏袒,有助于
(回归课本P28)Can I ask you a favour?
我能请你帮个忙吗?
归纳总结


例句探源
①Could you do me a favour and pick up Sam from school today?
今天你能帮我个忙去学校接山姆吗?
②She always favours her youngest child.
她总是偏爱她最小的孩子。
③(朗文P694)She’s very much in favour with the management at the moment.
她目前很受管理层的喜爱。
④Yet polls still show a narrow majority of Europeans in favour of taking in more countries.
可是民意调查显示依然有过半数的欧洲人同意接纳更多的国家。
即境活用
5.A fashion ________this year may be ________next year.
A.out of favour;into favour
B.in favour;out of favour
C.in favour of;of favour
D.to favour;out of favour
解析:选B。in favour“受欢迎的,流行的”;out of favour“失宠的,不受欢迎的”。
4 request vt. 请求;要求
n. 请求;要求;邀请
(回归课本P28)Mr.and Mrs.Harry Blunkett request the pleasure of your company at the wedding of...
哈里?布伦基特夫妇诚邀您光临……的婚礼。
归纳总结
①You are requested not to speak aloud in the reading room.
你不要在阅览室大声喧哗。
②The staff immediately requested that he reconsider his decision.
员工立即要求他重新考虑他的决定。
③(朗文P1737)They have made an urgent request for international aid.
他们紧急要求国际援助。
④Further details will be sent on request.
详细资料承索即寄。
⑤He was there at the request of his manager.
他按照经理的要求到了那里。
6.(高考湖北卷)Duty is an act or a course of action that people________you to take by social customs,law or religion.
A.persuade      B.request C.instruct D.expect
解析:选D。句意:所谓职责,是人们希望通过社会习俗、法律或宗教而让我们采取的一种行为或行动方式。本题考查动词辨析。expect sb.to do sth.“期待/盼望某人做某事”,符合题意和搭配。request sb.to do sth.表示“(以口头或书面形式)要求,(尤指)请求某人做某事”,如:I requested him to help.我请求他帮忙。persuade sb.to do sth.说服或劝说某人做某事;instruct sb.to do sth.“吩咐/命令/指导某人做某事”,都不符合句意。
7.The newlyfounded chess club formaly ________us to attend the opening ceremony.
A.requested B.required C.demanded D.commanded
解析:选A。request 常用于正式场合的请求。句意为:这家新成立的象棋俱乐部正式邀请我们参加开幕式。
5 give away 暴露(自己的情况);泄露;赠送;颁发
(回归课本P22)People give away much more by their gestures than by their words.
人们通过姿势表达的意思要比通过话语表达得更多。
归纳总结






①(朗文P874)He said he hadn’t told her, but his face gave him away.
他说他没有告诉她,但是他的表情说明他在说谎。
②He gave away most of his money to charity.
他把大部分钱都捐赠给慈善事业了。
③The headmaster gave away the prizes at the sports meeting.
校长在运动会上颁发奖品。
④They argued back and forth until finally Jack gave in.
他们反复争论,直到最后杰克让步为止。
⑤I was so frightened that my legs gave out,and I reached for the door.
我吓得两腿发软,便伸手去扶门。
8.If a person has not had enough sleep,his actions will give him________during the day.
A.away       B.up C.in D.back
解析:选A。句意是:如果一个人没有足够的睡眠,在白天,他的行为就会表露出来。此句要用give away表示“泄漏;出卖”;give up放弃;give in屈服;让步;give back收回。
9.(江苏启东中学)?As an old customer,would you ________some books for free to us?
?No problem.We’d love to.
A.pay off B.call off C.give away D.put away
解析:选C。give away 解释为“送掉,分发;泄露,出卖……”;A解释为“还清债;结清账;努力等有报偿”;B解释为“叫(狗或人)走开(以停止攻击);取消”;D解释为“把……收起来,放好,储存备用”。这里的意思是“免费送一些书给我们”,所以选C。
6 hold up 举起,抬起;阻碍;使停顿;支撑
(回归课本P22)One person then holds up his hand,palm outwards and five fingers spread.
然后一个人举起他的手,手掌向外,五指张开。







①Our flight was held up by fog.
我们的班机因有雾而停航。
②The roof is held up by pillars.
屋顶是由柱子支撑着的。
③Please hold up your hands if you have any questions.
如果有问题,请举手。
10.It’s a pity that the building of the new road has been ________by bad weather.
A.held out        B.held on C.held to D.held up
解析:D。句意为“很遗憾,新路的建造因恶劣的天气而受到阻滞”。hold up“延迟,阻碍”;hold out“给予,支持”;hold on“坚持;抓住”。
11.I missed seeing my brother off at the airport because my car was ________in a traffic jam.
A.broken up B.lifted up C.held up D.kept up
解析:选C。hold up“停滞”;break up“分解”;lift up“提升”;keep up“保持”。
句型梳理
1【教材原句】 Although these are very important,we communicate with more than just spoken and written words.(P22)
虽然这些很重要,但我们并不只是用口语和书面语进行交流。
【句法分析】 (1)more than+数词,表示“超过,多于”,相当于over。
more than+形容词,表示“很”或“非常”的意思。
(2)在“more...than...”中,第一个意思是表比较,可译为“比……更”;第二个意思是肯定“more”后面的而否定“than”后面的,可译为“是……而不是……,与其……不如……”。
(3)no more than+名词或基数词,意思是“不过;仅仅;只有”,相当于only。有感情色彩,侧重数量少。而“not more than+基数词”,表示“至多,不超过”,相当于at most,只是指出数量或程度,没有感情色彩。
①I’m more than happy to take you there in my car.
我非常高兴用车把你送去。
②There were more than 100 people at the party.
有100多个人参加聚会。
③The consequence was much more than he imagined.
结果远远超过他的想像。
④The new edition is not more expensive than the old one.
新版本不比旧版本贵。
⑤China Daily is more than a newspaper.It helps to improve our English.
《中国日报》不仅仅是一种报纸,它还有助于提高我们的英语水平。
⑥His whole education added up to no more than one year.
他所接受的全部学校教育加起来不超过一年。
12.(高考浙江卷)It took________building supplies to construct these energysaving houses.It took brains,too.
A.other than       B.more than
C.rather than D.less than
解析:选B。句意:建造这些节能住宅不仅仅需要供给建筑材料,还需要才智。more than意为“不仅仅”。other than常用于否定句,相当于but;rather than而不是;less than少于。
13.?Do you need any help,Lucy?
?Yes.The job is ________I could do myself.
A.less than B.more than
C.no more than D.not more than
解析:选B。句意:??你需要帮忙吗,露西???需要,这项工作我自己做不来。A项意为“少于”;B项意为“多于”;C项意为“仅仅(only)”;D项意为“不多于”。
2【教材原句】 Indeed,body positions are part of what we call“body language”.(P22)
实际上,身体的身势就是我们所说的“身势语”的一部分。
【句法分析】 what是连接代词,引导名词性从句,在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语,常含有事情、状况、言语、时间和地点的意思。如:
①What made the school proud was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
使学校骄傲的是90%的学生被重点大学录取。(what表示事情)
②The city is not what it used to be.
这个城市不再是先前的模样了。(what表示状况)
③We were all confused by what he said just now.
我们都对他刚才所说的话困惑不解了。(what表示言语)
④After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.
好像过了几个小时之后,他面带苦笑地走了出来。(what表示时间)
⑤They finally reached what is called America now.
他们终于到了现在被叫做美洲的地方。(what表示地点)
14.(高考北京卷)________some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.
A.Whether       B.What
C.That D.How
解析:选B。句意:一些人认为是劣势的东西而另外许多人则会把它当作优势。本题考查主语从句。从句中谓语动词regard后面缺少宾语,应用what来作宾语并引导从句。
15.(高考北京卷)I want to be liked and loved for________I am inside.
A.who B.where
C.what D.how
解析:选C。句意:我希望因为我自己的内在品质而被别人喜欢和爱戴。本题考查宾语从句的引导词。根据题干,空格前为介词,构成介宾结构,引导词what放于从句中am后面作表语,意为“我是一个什么样的人”,故选择C项。

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