高一英语 Unit3 Celebration导学案
Lesson3 Grammar
Tips：All things in their being are good for something.(天生我材必有用)
Learning aim: learn the use of the modal verbs have to /not have to , can/can’t, ought to /ought not to
Learning methods: observe----learn-----summarize------use
Learning steps:
StepI: Underline all the following words in the texts and translate them.
have to , don’t have to, ought to, ought not to, can’t,can
StepII: atch the verbs to their meanings.(A级)
1 have to a) not necessary
2 don’t have to b) necessary
3 can c) not allowed/not possible
4 can’t d) allowed/ possible
5 ought to e) not advisable
6 ought not to f) advisable
StepIII:Transtrate the following sentences.(B级)
1.1）I can’t go out now, I have to look after my baby .
______________________________________
2）I must find a job,my parents can’t support me any longer.
_____________________________________________
3）— ust we hand in our exercise books today?
— Yes, you must. (No, you don’t have to/need’t.)
________________________________________________
总结：must 和have to表示___________，但must表示___________观，have to表示_________观（如例句1，2所示）
读一读，记一记:
must与have to有下列几点不同：
　　① must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则往往强调客观需要。
　　 The play is not interesting. I really must go no
　　 I had to work when I was your age.
　　② must与have to 的时态差别： have有时态的变化,如三单has, 过去时had ,表示 客观上的不得不，能与所有 时态一起。must为情态动词, 无时态的变化 , 表示主观上的必须, 需要。
　　③ 二者的否定意义不大相同。如：
　　 You mustn't go. 你可不要去。
　　 You don't have to go. 你不必去。
　　④ 询问对方的意愿时应用must。如：
　　 ust I clean all the room?
2 1)Can you speak English?
__________________________________________________ can表示能力（如体力和脑力方面），意为“__________”等can表示能力时，还可用be able to代替。如：
I'll not be able to come this afternoon.
2)表示请求或允许，多用在口语中，意为“__________”等。
—Can/Could I go now?
—Yes, you can.（回答语中不能用could）
3) 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中）
　　Can this be true? ______________________
　　How can you be so careless! ___________________
　　This cannot be done by him. __________________
4)在变否定句时，直接在后加上“not”,可缩写成_________或___________, 但不能写成cann’t。例如：
(变成否定句) He can swim. → _______________________
3 ought意思是______________后面跟带有 to 的动词不定式否定式为_________________。(C级)
You ought to read these books if you want to know how to repair the motorcar.
____________________________________________
You ought to bring the child here.
_____________________________________________
You ought not to walk alone at night. _____________________________________________
注意： ought to和should的区别：
　　1.ought to语气略强。 2.should较常用。
　　3.ought to在美国英语中用的很少，而should却相当常用。
4.ought to属正式用语。
练一练：(C级)
1The man in the office____________be r. Black because he went home
just no
A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t
2---Can you go surfing with us this afternoon?
----I’d like to , but I ________ look after my sister at home , because my mother is ill.
A. need B. must C. have to D. should
3----Can I take this book out of the reading room?
------______. Please read it here.
A. CertainlyB.No, you needn’t
C.No, you mustn’t D.No, you may not
4　----_____ you help me answer the telephone
----O.
A. Can B. Should C. Need D. ust
5 Tom is young but he ____ fly a kite by himself.
A. can B. may C. Need D. must
6 -----Could I cross the street here?
　-----Of course you _____.
　A.could B.can C.are able to D.will
7-----_______ we attend the party?
-----No, you needn’t. You are free.
A.ust B. Can C.ay D. Shall
StepIII Do the exercises on page 82----1.2.
the lowest grade
"Professor, I did the best I could on this test. I really don't think I deserve a zero.""Neither do I. But that's the lowest grade I'm allowed to give."
学生：“教授先生,我这次考试已经竭尽全力了.我真的觉得我不应该得零蛋.”老师：“我也是.但是这已经是我能给的最低分了！”
小结反思：这几个情态动词的用法你掌握了吗？
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