定语从句

I.定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。

关系词

先行词

从句成分

例句

备注

关系代词

who

人

主语

Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?

whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that

whom

人

宾语

Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working

The boy (whom) she loved died in the war..

whose

人，物

定语

I like those books whose topics are about history.

The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.

that

人，物

主语，宾语

A plane is a machine that can fly.

She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.

which

物

主语，宾语

The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.

The picture which was about the accident was terrible.

as

人，物

主语，宾语

He is such a person as is respected by all of us.

This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.

as做宾语一般不省略

关系副词

when

时间

时间状语

I will never forget the day when we met there.

可用on which

where

地点

地点状语

This is the house where I was born.

可用in which

why

原因

原因状语

I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.

可用for which

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