作为基本技能之一的“听力”，在高考中具有不可忽视的地位。

考点二: 职业身份类

考例: Who is the woman most probably speaking to?

A. a railway porter B. a taxi driver C. a postal clerk

听力原文: W: Excuse me, sir. I’m going to send this parcel to London. What’s the postage for it?

M: Let me see. It’s one pound and fifty pence.

解析: 根据parcel (邮包) 和 postage(邮资) 等关键词可以判断, 这位女士是在跟一名邮局职员讲话。答案是C。

该题型经常提供一个情节，反映所涉及人物的关系或身份。在高考试题中, 常见的职业类型有:警察、医生、司机、工作人员、作家、经理、教师、学生等。常见的提问形式有: 1. What’s the woman’s job? / 2. What’s the profession of the man? / 3. Who is the woman most probably speaking to? / 4. Who is the speaker? / 5. What is his / her job? / 6. What does he / she do?

关键词 Teacher / Student: class, exam, homework, part-time / full time job.

Salesman: price, on sale, try on.

Reporter: news, report.

Doctor / nurse: medicine, operation

考点三: 因果关系类

考例: Why was Susan late for work? (2007全国卷I)

A. She missed the bus. B. Her train was late. C. Her car broke down.

听力原文：M: You are lucky. I was 10 minutes late.

W: What happened

M: All the buses came late.

W: What did Susan say?

M: She was late too.

W: What happened to her?

M: She took the train, and it was late too.

解析: 根据“She took the train, and it was late too.” 就可以可以直接得出答案。

因果关系类主要对原因进行提问, 常与文中表示原因的句子形成因果关系。因此要注意because, for, since, as, so that等引导的句子或短语。

考点四: 主旨大意题类

考例: What are the speakers talking about? (2008闽、苏、皖、赣卷)

A. A way to improve air quality. B.A problem with traffic miles.

C. A suggestion for city planning.

听力原文：M: Air pollution is so bad in this city. I think the government should stop people from driving cars on certain days.

W: You have a point. Air pollution is a problem, but not letting people drive on certain days is a bad idea. People have to go to work by car.

M: I’m afraid I don’t agree with you there. Reducing air pollution is really important. People are so used to driving that they don’t think about ways to do things. If we stop them from driving on certain days, maybe they could think of new ways to get around.

W: I see your point, but I still think it wouldn’t be possible to stop people from driving.

解析: 该段对话是围绕一个中心 “I think the government should stop people from driving cars on certain days.”展开的。

对这种类型题, 抓住短文的前两句话往往特别重要, 因为前两句话往往是主题句, 即使不是主题句, 也对理解全文有重要的意义。例如: Last Friday，a storm to re through two villages in Fujian Province，14 people were killed. 这句话是一篇新闻的开头，很明显是主题句，介绍了新闻的中心内容，下面则应是对风暴情况的具体叙述。

这类试题要求我们对听到的内容有一个整体的把握和全面的领会, 抓住说话者究竟在说什么。任何一段对话或独白都是围绕一个中心展开的,有时主旨大意较明显, 有时则需要归纳、概括。常见的提问方式有: What are the speakers mainly discussing? / What’s the passage mainly about? / What’s the topic of the passage? / What are the two speakers doing? / What is the dialogue / conversation about?为了把握所听内容的主旨要义, 要从说话人的语气上体会主旨大意,抓住关键词, 对语段进行整体理解。而不应纠缠在某些小细节上, 这样往往会造成以偏概全。

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