高一英语unit3知识点总结
1. offend (vt.) 触犯，得罪，使生气
He apologized for having offended her. 他对得罪了她感到抱歉。
offence (n.)
(1) 违法行为，犯罪
capital offence 死罪
(2) 得罪，冒犯行为
No offence, but this cheese tastes like rubber.
没有冒犯你的意思，这奶酪吃起来像橡胶。
offender (n.) 冒犯者，罪犯
高一英语unit3知识点2. call out 大声说出
关于call的词组还有：
call at some place 拜访某地 call for 需要
call in 顺便拜访 call off 取消
call on/ upon sb. 拜访某人 call on/ upon sb. to do sth. 请某人做某事
3. respect (vt.) 尊重，尊敬
All children should respect their parents. 所有的孩子应该尊重他们的双亲。
respectable (adj.) 可受人尊敬的
Dr. Williams is a respectable scientist. 威廉斯博士是位可敬的科学家。
respected (adj.) 受到尊敬的
a highly respected scholar 深受尊敬的学者
respectful (adj.) 有礼貌的，表示尊敬的
He is always respectful to his teacher. 他总是很尊重他的老师。
respective (adj.) 各自的
The three men were given work according to their respective abilities.
这三个人按其各自的能力被分配了工作。
4. attempt (vt.) 尝试，企图
She attempted to go on with her work in the house. 她试图在房间里继续她的工作。
(n.) 努力，尝试
Could you at least make an attempt to smile? 你能否起码尝试着笑一笑?
5. emphasis (n.) 重要性，重点
Our English course places/ lays/ puts great emphasis on conversational skills.
我们的英语课程非常重视会话技能。
emphasize (vt.) 强调，着重
John made a speech emphasizing the need for more volunteers.
约翰发表了谈话，强调需要更多的志愿者。
6. serve (v.)
(1) 服务;为……效力;接待顾客
Mrs. White can’t come to the telephone — she’s serving a customer.
怀特夫人不能来接电话——她正在接待顾客。
(2) (与in连用)任职;服役
He serves in the navy. 他在海军服役。
(3) 可做;适于
Now the examination score serves as the only criterion for a student’s academic performance. 现在考试分数是衡量学生学业成绩的唯一标准。
(4) 开饭;上菜;serve sb. (with) sth.
If you want to be served in this restaurant, you have to line. 要想在这家饭店吃饭，得排队。
(5) 度过一段时间，经历
She served two years in prison for theft. 她因为盗窃服了两年刑。
7. replace (vt.) 取代，更换
George has replaced John as captain of the team. 乔治取代约翰当了队长。
We’ve replaced the old adding machine with/ by a computer. 我们用计算机代替了旧式加法机。
replacement (n.) 代替;替换的人(物)
8. treat (v.)
(1) 对待，看待
She treated us as children. 她把我们当孩子看待。
(2) 处理
The delicate glass must be treated with care. 这精巧的玻璃杯使用时要小心。
(3) 把……看做
Our employer treated our suggestions as a joke. 我们的雇主把我们的建议视为儿戏。
(4) 治疗
The doctor treated the boy for smallpox. 医生治疗这个男孩的天花病。
treatment (n.) 治疗，对待
9. extend (v.)
(1) (空间、时间的) 延伸，延续
The meeting extended late into the night. 那个会议一直开到深夜。
(2) 延长，扩大
We will eventually extend the road as far as the station. 我们最终会将公路延长到火车站。
extension (n.) 延伸，扩展
extensive (adj.) 大量的，大规模的
extensive reading 泛读 intensive reading 精读
10. insist (v.) 坚持说，坚持要求
She insisted on writing at once. 她坚持要立即写信。
注意：
I insisted that he (should) come with us. 他坚持要和我们一起去。(将要去做的事，用虚拟)
She insisted that she heard sb. in the house. 她坚持说屋里有人。(已做过的事，陈述)
11. expose (v.)
(1) 暴露
Keep indoors and don’t expose your skin to the sun.
留在屋里，不要让皮肤在太阳下暴露。
(2) 使受(危险，风险)
As a nurse in the war she was exposed to many dangers.
作为一名战地护士，她置身于各种各样的危险当中。
(3) 使接触
Education should expose students to art and music.
教育应该让学生接触到艺术和音乐。
12. cultivate (v.)
(1) 耕作
Half the land is cultivated. 一半的土地被耕作过。
(2) 培植，培育
It is the centre for cultivating new varieties and kinds of vegetables.
这是一个培育新品种蔬菜的中心。
(3) 培养，养成
You should cultivate the habit of listening to what you are told.
你要养成聆听的习惯。
cultivated (adj.) 有修养的
It was a pleasure to talk to such a cultivated audience.
与这么有修养的观众谈话非常高兴。
cultivation (n.) 耕作，栽培，养成
13. make up
(1) 创造，编造
John made up an interesting story for the children.
约翰为孩子们编了一个很有趣的故事。
(2) 弥补
John must make up the work he missed. 约翰必须弥补他没有做的工作。
(3) 化装
The actors were making up when we arrived. 当我们赶到时，演员们正在化装。
(4) 构成，占
12 players make up a team. = A team is made up of 12 players.
12人组成一个球队。
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