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1. go back

(1) 回去。如：

When will he go back? 他什么时候回去?

Let’s go back to what the chairman said earlier. 咱们回到主席早些时候所说到的话题上吧。

(2) 回顾，回溯。如：

My family goes back to the 18th century. 我的家族可追溯到18世纪。

2. go by

(1) 从(……)旁边经过。如：

A police car went by (us) at full speed. 一辆警车全速从我们身旁驶过。

(2) (时间、机会等)过去。如 ：

Two years went by. 两年过去了。

He let the chance go by. 他错过了机会。

(3) 遵循，按照，以……为依据。如：

That’s a good rule to go by. 那是要遵守的好规则。

We can’t go by looks alone. 我们不能只看外表。

3. go down

(1) 下落，下沉。如：

The sun is going down. 太阳西下。

Three ships went down in the storm. 风暴中有三艘船沉没。

(2) 下降，降低，减低，减弱。如：

The standard of work has gone down. 工作标准降低了。

We waited for the wind to go down. 我们等待风势减弱。

Eggs are going down in price. / The price of eggs is going down. 鸡蛋价格下跌了。

4. go in for

(1) 参加(考试、比赛等)。如：

I’d like to go in for a more advanced examination if I can. 如果可能的话，我想参加更高级的考试。

Which events is he going in for at the Olympics? 他参加奥运会的什么项目?

(2) 从事(某一职业等)。如：

Have you ever thought of going in for teaching? 你考虑过从事教书这一职业吗?

(3) 爱好，喜欢。如：

I don’t go in for sports. 我不爱好体育活动。

5. go into

(1) 到达，进入，从事，参加。如：

I’m going into town today. 我今天要进城。

He decided to go into politics. 他决定从政。

Two days later they went into battle again. 两天后他们又投入了战斗。

He went into the army at the age of 18. 他18岁参军。(from www.nmet168.com)

(2) 调查，研究，弄清楚。如：

The police are going into the murder case. 警察在调查这想谋杀案。

We need to go into the question of costs. 我们有必要研究一下费用问题。

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