常考词的语法与用法:careless, carry, case

编辑: 逍遥路 关键词: 高中英语 来源: 高中学习网


◆careless adj.

1. 注意以下句型:

你把钱包放在这里真是太大意了。

正:It was careless of you to leave your wallet here.

正:You were careless to leave your wallet here.

以上第一句句首的 it 为形式主语,不能改为 that。但是若以上句型后面不出现不定式,那么句首的 it 也可换为 that。如:

他太粗心了。

正:It was very careless of him.

正:That’s very careless of him.

2. 比较:

正:He was careless to make the mistake. 他很粗心,结果出 了错。(句中的不定式为结果状语)

正:He was so careless as to make the mistake. (同上)

正:He was careless in typing the letter. 他打这封信时很 粗心。(句中的 in typing the letter有类似 when he was typing the letter 的意思)

误:He was careless to type the letter. (若此句视为正句,则只能理解为:他很粗心,结果把那封信打印了出来)

3. 表示“不在意的”、“不关心的”等,其后可接介词 about, of, with 等。如:

He’s careless of [about] his speech. 他讲话随便。

She is careless of [with] his health. 她不注意身体。

He is careless with his pronunciation. 他对语音不注意。

Don’t be so careless with your money. 你花钱不要这样随便。

◆carry v.

1. 表示“带”、“携带”,通常与方向无关。如:

Let me carry it for you. 让我替你扛吧。

How much baggage can I carry with me? 我可以随身带多少行李?

注:要表示方向,需借助有关介词。如:

Carry it to the station. 把它带到车站去。

2. 比较其后接 on, out, through 所表示的不同含义。如:

We will carry on our discussion tomorrow. 我们明天将继续讨论。(carry on=继续进行)

We expect her to carry out her promises. 我们希望她履行诺言。(carry out=实现,执行,实行)

He carried through the work in a month. 他在一个月之内就完成了工作。(carry through=完成,进行到底)

◆case n.

1. 比较 in case 与 in case of

(1) in case 通常用作连词,表示目的或条件,意为“万一”、“以防万一”。如:

In case he comes, let me know. 万一他来,告诉我一声。

Take your umbrella (just) in case it rains. 带上雨伞,以防下雨。

有时用作副词,意为“以防万一”。如:

It may not rain, but you had better take an umbrella in case. 可能不会下雨,但你最好还是带把雨伞,以防万一。

(2) in case of 是复合介词,意为“万一”、“以防万一”。如:

In case of fire, ring the alarm bell. 万一失火,请按警铃。

Take an umbrella with you in case of rain. 带把雨伞,以防下雨。

2. 常用短语:

(1) in any case 意为“不管怎样”、“无论如何”。如:

In any case, come in time. 无论如何你要及时来。

(2) in no case 意为“绝不”、“在任何情况下都不(若置于句首,句子用倒装)。如:

In no case should you tell him. 你绝不能告诉他。

(3) in that case 意为“既然如此”、“假若如此”。如:

You have finished, haven’t you? In that case, you may go.

你已完工了,是不是? 既然如此,你可走了。


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