◆careless adj.
1. 注意以下句型:
你把钱包放在这里真是太大意了。
正:It was careless of you to leave your wallet here.
正:You were careless to leave your wallet here.
以上第一句句首的 it 为形式主语,不能改为 that。但是若以上句型后面不出现不定式,那么句首的 it 也可换为 that。如:
他太粗心了。
正:It was very careless of him.
正:That’s very careless of him.
2. 比较:
正:He was careless to make the mistake. 他很粗心,结果出 了错。(句中的不定式为结果状语)
正:He was so careless as to make the mistake. (同上)
正:He was careless in typing the letter. 他打这封信时很 粗心。(句中的 in typing the letter有类似 when he was typing the letter 的意思)
误:He was careless to type the letter. (若此句视为正句,则只能理解为:他很粗心,结果把那封信打印了出来)
3. 表示“不在意的”、“不关心的”等,其后可接介词 about, of, with 等。如:
He’s careless of [about] his speech. 他讲话随便。
She is careless of [with] his health. 她不注意身体。
He is careless with his pronunciation. 他对语音不注意。
Don’t be so careless with your money. 你花钱不要这样随便。
◆carry v.
1. 表示“带”、“携带”,通常与方向无关。如:
Let me carry it for you. 让我替你扛吧。
How much baggage can I carry with me? 我可以随身带多少行李?
注:要表示方向,需借助有关介词。如:
Carry it to the station. 把它带到车站去。
2. 比较其后接 on, out, through 所表示的不同含义。如:
We will carry on our discussion tomorrow. 我们明天将继续讨论。(carry on=继续进行)
We expect her to carry out her promises. 我们希望她履行诺言。(carry out=实现,执行,实行)
He carried through the work in a month. 他在一个月之内就完成了工作。(carry through=完成,进行到底)
◆case n.
1. 比较 in case 与 in case of
(1) in case 通常用作连词,表示目的或条件,意为“万一”、“以防万一”。如:
In case he comes, let me know. 万一他来,告诉我一声。
Take your umbrella (just) in case it rains. 带上雨伞,以防下雨。
有时用作副词,意为“以防万一”。如:
It may not rain, but you had better take an umbrella in case. 可能不会下雨,但你最好还是带把雨伞,以防万一。
(2) in case of 是复合介词,意为“万一”、“以防万一”。如:
In case of fire, ring the alarm bell. 万一失火,请按警铃。
Take an umbrella with you in case of rain. 带把雨伞,以防下雨。
2. 常用短语:
(1) in any case 意为“不管怎样”、“无论如何”。如:
In any case, come in time. 无论如何你要及时来。
(2) in no case 意为“绝不”、“在任何情况下都不(若置于句首,句子用倒装)。如:
In no case should you tell him. 你绝不能告诉他。
(3) in that case 意为“既然如此”、“假若如此”。如:
You have finished, haven’t you? In that case, you may go.
你已完工了,是不是? 既然如此,你可走了。
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