常考词的语法与用法:cook, corner, cost, crowd

编辑: 逍遥路 关键词: 高中英语 来源: 高中学习网


◆cook v. & n.

1. 用作动词,意为“烹调”、“煮”、“做(饭)”等,比较以下句型:

Who cooks? 谁煮饭?

Who cooks for me? 谁给我煮饭?

Who cooks the food? 谁煮这食物?

Who cooks me the food? 谁给我煮这食物?

Who cooks the food for me? 谁给我煮这食物?

2. 用作名词,意思是“厨师”、“炊事员”。注意:千万不要与cooker(炊具)混淆起来。比较:

Father is a good cook. 父亲是一位优秀的厨师。

He bought a pressure cooker. 他买了一个压力锅。

◆corner n.

表示“在角落里”,常与介词 in 连用;表示“在拐角处”,常与介词 at, on 连用,有时也用 round, around。如:

She found her keys in the corner of the room. 她在屋角落找到了她的钥匙。

There is a shop at [on] the street corner. 在街道拐角处有家商店。

He lives round [around] the corner. 他住在拐弯的地方。

比较:He hit his knee on the corner of the table. 他把的膝盖撞在桌子角上。

◆cost v.

1. 表示“花费”,其主语通常是事或物(包括形式主语it),不能是人。如:

The computer cost (me) $2000. 这部电脑花了(我)2000美元。

It cost me $1000 a year to run a car. 使用一辆车每年要花(我)1000美元。

注:表示主观上的“花费”,cost 通常不以人作主语,但是若表示客观上的“耗费”,有时也可用人作主语。如:

Smokers cost the government a lot of money every year. 吸烟的人每年要耗费政府一大笔钱。

2. cost 的宾语通常是钱。如:

How much did it cost to build the bridge? 建这座桥花了多少钱?

注:cost 有时也用于时间,但通常用于笼统时间(一般不用于具体明确的时间)。如:

Making experiments like this cost much time and labour. 做这样的实验要花很多时间和劳力。

3. 通常不用于被动语态。如:

正:The coat cost thirty dollars. 这外套花了30美元。

误:Thirty dollars was cost by the coat.

4. 有时用于比喻用法中。如:

His mistake cost him his job. 他的错误使他丢了工作。

Careless driving will cost you your life. 粗心开车会使你丧命。

◆crowd n. & v.

1. 用作名词,是集合名词。作主语时,谓语用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑其个体成员)均可。如:

The crowd moves on, and no one tries to stop it. 人群向前移动,谁也没试图阻止。

The crowd were running in all directions. 人群往四面八方跑去。

强调人数多时,可用复数形式。如:

There were crowds of people waiting to get in. 有许许多多的人在等着进去。

2. 用作动词,表示“聚集”、“挤满”,可用作及物或不及物动词。如:

Shoppers crowded the streets. 买东西的人挤满了大街。

He managed to crowd into the train. 他总算挤上了火车。

People crowded round to get a better view. 人们争相围观。

常用结构 be crowded with。如:

The hall was crowded with people. 大厅挤满了人。

The exhibition was crowded with visitors. 展览会挤满了参观的人。

3. 派生形容词 crowded 意为“拥挤的”。如:

crowded trains (hotels, roads, shops) 拥挤的火车(旅馆,道路,商店)

但是,汉语的“拥挤的交通”不能直译为 crowded traffic, 而是用 busy [heavy] traffic。


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